Avionics Cellular Communication System Using Directional Antenna

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional aircraft communication systems rely on costly satellite communications for broadband functionality and face challenges in providing effective air-to-ground connectivity, as they are not optimized for high-speed, long-range operations, leading to issues with signal interference and reliability.

Innovation Solution

An avionics communication system that uses a directional antenna, processors, and memory devices to identify and communicate with multiple ground communication nodes, determining signal power levels and frequency shifts to account for Doppler effects, establishing redundant communication paths using existing terrestrial cellular infrastructure.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If satellite-based communication systems are used for airborne broadband communication, then communication functionality is improved, but cost and equipment complexity increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecommunication functionalityVSAvoidequipment complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies universality by enabling aircraft to use existing terrestrial cellular infrastructure for communication, allowing the same system to provide both traditional air-to-ground communication and broadband data services. The aircraft transceiver can operate with standard cellular towers rather than requiring dedicated satellite equipment, achieving multi-functional communication capability through a universal platform.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent employs copying by replicating ground-based cellular communication protocols and infrastructure on the aircraft. Instead of creating entirely new satellite communication systems, the invention copies existing terrestrial cellular network architectures and communication standards to the airborne environment, reducing equipment complexity while maintaining communication functionality.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #26Copying

2Device complexity

If conventional radio-based communication is used for air-to-ground connectivity, then equipment simplicity is maintained, but communication effectiveness and reliability deteriorate at high speeds

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveequipment simplicityVSAvoidcommunication effectiveness
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies dynamics by implementing adaptive communication techniques that adjust to the aircraft's motion state. The system dynamically selects ground communication nodes based on real-time position and velocity data, adjusts signal parameters to compensate for Doppler effects, and maintains communication links despite high-speed movement, thereby ensuring reliability without sacrificing equipment simplicity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent employs parameter changes by modifying communication signal characteristics to account for aircraft velocity and position. The system adjusts frequency offsets, power levels, and antenna beam directions based on real-time flight parameters, maintaining effective communication at high speeds while using conventional radio equipment rather than complex satellite systems.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Device complexity

If single communication path is used for air-to-ground connection, then system simplicity is maintained, but communication reliability deteriorates due to signal interference

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesystem simplicityVSAvoidcommunication reliability
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies segmentation by dividing the communication path into multiple independent segments or paths between the aircraft and ground infrastructure. Instead of relying on a single communication link, the system establishes multiple connections with different ground communication nodes, creating redundant paths that can independently carry communication traffic, thereby improving reliability without significantly increasing system complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent employs beforehand cushioning by pre-establishing multiple redundant communication paths before interference or failure occurs. The system proactively creates backup communication routes and maintains them in readiness, so that if one path experiences signal interference or failure, alternative paths are already available to maintain communication reliability without requiring complex real-time switching.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #11Beforehand cushioning (Prior cushioning)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This solution provides cost-effective, high-speed, and reliable airborne cellular communications by leveraging commercial cell phone infrastructure, reducing signal interference and ensuring safe and effective communication through multiple redundant channels and adaptive antenna steering.

Implementation Method 1

The radio transmitter/receiver is configured to transmit and receive cellular communication signals between the aircraft and the identified one or more ground communication nodes using the directional antenna

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic radiation: Electromagnetic Induction

Implementation Method 2

determining a frequency shift value for modifying communicated signals to account for expected Doppler effects associated with the communicated signals due to a velocity of the aircraft relative to the identified one or more ground communication nodes

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectDoppler effect: Doppler Effect

Data Source

PatentEP3258619B1Airbourne cellular communication system
Publication Date: 2019.11.13 GE AVIATION SYSTEMS LLC
  • EP3258619B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3258619B1 patent drawingFigure 2~3
  • EP3258619B1 patent drawingFigure 4~5

AI summary

Systems and methods of providing cellular communication between an aircraft and infrastructure of ground communication nodes are provided. In one example, an avionics communication system (100) located on an aircraft (200) for providing cellular communication between the aircraft (200) and an infrastructure of ground communication nodes (102, 104) includes a directional antenna (140), one or more processors (302) and memory devices (304), as well as one or more radio transmitter/receivers (130). The radio transmitter/receiver (130) can transmit and receive cellular communication signals along multiple communication paths (132, 134, 136, 138) established between the aircraft (200) and one or more identified ground communication nodes (102, 104) using the directional antenna (140). Signal relay also can be implemented based in part on a determined signal power level, determined frequency shift compensation value for modifying communicated signals to account for expected Doppler effects and/or determined antenna beam steering commands.