Integrated Anti-Vacuum Surge Module for Phacoemulsification Handpiece
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing phacoemulsification systems face challenges with vacuum surges during cataract surgery, which can be traumatic to the eye. Current solutions, such as standalone anti-vacuum surge (AVS) modules, are disposable, bulky, and wasteful.
Innovation Solution
Integration of an anti-vacuum surge (AVS) module within the phacoemulsification handpiece, featuring a reusable portion and a disposable portion made of less expensive materials, which can be replaced between procedures. This module includes a solenoid-type valve controlled by a processor using real-time sensor readings to manage aspiration flow and prevent vacuum surges.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a standalone anti-vacuum surge module is used, then vacuum surge protection is provided, but the device becomes bulky and disposable components are wasted
Solution Approach 1:
The anti-vacuum surge module is integrated directly into the phacoemulsification handpiece structure, combining the AVS functionality with the existing handpiece components. This integration eliminates the need for separate standalone modules, reducing overall device bulk while maintaining vacuum surge protection capabilities through shared structural elements and fluid pathways.
2Reliability
If a disposable anti-vacuum surge module is used, then vacuum surge protection is provided, but cost and waste increase
Solution Approach 1:
The handpiece is divided into disposable components (needle, irrigation sleeve) and reusable components (housing, AVS module, pump). The AVS module is specifically designed as a reusable element that remains in the handpiece housing, while only the sterile tip components are discarded. This segmentation allows the expensive AVS mechanism to be reused across multiple procedures, reducing waste and cost.
3Productivity
If aspiration flow is continuously maintained, then efficient particle removal is achieved, but vacuum surges occur when particles block and unblock the channel
Solution Approach 1:
The AVS module incorporates sensors that continuously monitor aspiration flow conditions and provide feedback to the control system. When a particle blockage is detected (indicated by vacuum pressure changes), the system responds by adjusting the aspiration pump speed or closing a valve to prevent vacuum surge when the blockage clears. This closed-loop feedback maintains efficient particle removal while preventing harmful vacuum surges.
Solution Approach 2:
The AVS module detects particle blockages before they can cause vacuum surges by monitoring aspiration flow parameters in real-time. When a blockage is anticipated (vacuum pressure begins to rise), the system takes preliminary action by reducing pump speed or closing the valve, preventing the harmful vacuum surge from occurring when the particle is subsequently removed.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The integrated AVS module effectively mitigates vacuum surges during phacoemulsification, enhancing the safety and efficiency of cataract surgery while reducing waste and costs associated with disposable devices.
Implementation Method 1
the AVS module includes a portion comprising a small number of disposable parts. In another example, the entire AVS is reusable, i.e., the integrated AVS module includes no disposable parts and can withstand sterilization.
Implementation Method 2
The surgeon then uses a phacoemulsification probe including an ultrasonic handpiece with a needle. The tip of the needle vibrates at an ultrasonic frequency to sculpt and emulsify the cataract
Implementation Method 3
a pump aspirates particles and fluid from the eye through the tip
Data Source
AI summary
A phacoemulsification probe includes a distal end, an aspiration channel, and an anti-vacuum surge (AVS) module. The distal end is configured for insertion into an eye of a patient. The aspiration channel is coupled with the distal end for evacuating material from the eye. The AVS module includes (i) a disposable portion, which is detachably coupled with the aspiration channel, and comprises a valve part configured to be moved to regulate flow in the aspiration channel, and (ii) a reusable portion, which is configured to move the valve part in response to one or more command signals.