Axial Stacked Layer Cell Heat Dissipation Design
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Solution Overview
Problem
Spiral-wound cells experience high temperatures at their center due to low thermal conductivity separators, and cylindrical-type layer cells are prone to infant failures and secular failures from electrode deformation and short circuits during assembly and charge/discharge cycles.
Innovation Solution
A layer cell design with a tubular outer casing where electrodes are stacked axially, with one electrode in contact with the casing for efficient heat transfer and the other isolated, using a conductive current collector to manage heat and prevent short circuits, and incorporating bag-shaped separators to prevent dust and foreign matter interference.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a separator with low thermal conductivity is provided in a multilayered manner between the surface and center of the cell, then thermal insulation is improved, but temperature of the center portion becomes considerably high
Solution Approach 1:
The cell structure is segmented into multiple functional layers: outer casing, current collector, electrode group, and separator. The separator is specifically positioned between the electrode group and current collector, creating distinct thermal zones that allow surface cooling while managing center temperature through the conductive current collector pathway.
Solution Approach 2:
The current collector serves as an intermediary thermal conduction pathway. It is positioned between the electrode group and the outer casing, providing a low-resistance thermal path from the center electrode group to the outer casing surface, enabling efficient heat transfer from the cell center to the exterior cooling surfaces.
2Temperature
If the outer periphery of the first electrode contacts the inner surface of the outer casing, then thermal conduction is improved, but electrical short circuit risk increases
Solution Approach 1:
The separator extends to cover the outer periphery of the first electrode, acting as an intermediary insulating barrier between the electrode and the conductive outer casing. This prevents direct electrical contact and potential short circuits while allowing the underlying current collector to provide thermal conduction pathways to the outer casing.
Solution Approach 2:
The cell structure segments electrical and thermal functions into different components: the separator handles electrical insulation, while the current collector and outer casing handle thermal conduction. This functional segmentation allows the electrode periphery to contact the outer casing thermally through the current collector pathway without creating electrical short circuits.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design effectively reduces internal temperature rise without the need for additional cooling structures and prevents electrode short circuits, enhancing the reliability and efficiency of the layer cell.
Implementation Method 1
the first electrode is connected to the outer casing with thermally small resistance. Therefore, this configuration effectively acts on the cooling of the first electrode
Data Source
AI summary
A layer cell includes an outer casing, a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and an electrically conductive current collector passing through the positive electrode, the negative electrode and the separator in an axial direction of the outer casing. The positive electrode, the negative electrode and the separator are stacked in the axial direction of the outer casing. A first electrode which is one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode is in contact with an inner surface of the outer casing, but is not in contact with the current collector. A second electrode which is the other electrode is not in contact with the outer casing, but is in contact with the current collector. An outer edge of the second electrode is covered with the separator. A peripheral edge of a hole, through which the current collector passes, in the first electrode is covered with the separator.