Azide Hole-Transport Materials for Low-Voltage OLED Crosslinking
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current organic light-emitting devices face challenges in achieving low driving voltage and high efficiency due to limitations in the materials used for the hole transport region, which affect the overall performance and manufacturing processes.
Innovation Solution
The introduction of an azide-based compound represented by Formula 1, which is used in the hole transport region and emission layer of the organic light-emitting device, facilitates thermal and photocrosslinking without interrupting conjugation, enhancing crosslinking performance and enabling a low driving voltage and high efficiency.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Power
If conventional materials are used in the hole transport region, then the device structure is simple, but the driving voltage is high and efficiency is low
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs composite materials by combining azide-based compounds with crosslinking groups and conjugated structures in the hole transport region. This composite approach enables both low driving voltage and high efficiency while maintaining structural integrity through crosslinking, resolving the contradiction between performance improvement and material complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the chemical parameters of the hole transport materials by introducing azide-based compounds with specific crosslinking groups and conjugated systems. This parameter change enables the material to achieve lower driving voltage and higher efficiency without compromising the basic device structure, thus resolving the technical contradiction.
2Productivity
If crosslinking is introduced to improve efficiency, then efficiency and driving voltage improve, but the manufacturing process becomes more complex
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by pre-introducing azide-based compounds with crosslinking groups into the hole transport region during the manufacturing process. The crosslinking reaction is then activated under controlled conditions to form the enhanced structure, allowing efficiency improvement without significantly complicating the overall manufacturing workflow.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes phase transitions by employing thermal or photocrosslinking processes that transform the physical or chemical state of the azide-based compounds. This phase transition mechanism enables crosslinking to occur under controlled conditions, improving device efficiency while maintaining ease of manufacture through well-established thermal or optical processing techniques.
3Reliability
If crosslinking performance is enhanced, then device stability improves, but the conjugation in the hole transport region may be interrupted
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by strategically positioning crosslinking groups within the azide-based compound structure. The crosslinking functionality is localized to specific regions that do not interfere with the conjugated pathways, allowing simultaneous achievement of high device stability and maintained conjugation integrity for efficient charge transport.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses the azide-based compound as an intermediary that bridges the need for crosslinking and conjugation maintenance. The molecular structure of the azide-based compound acts as a mediator, providing crosslinking functionality through its azide groups while preserving the conjugated system through its aromatic or unsaturated backbone, thus resolving the contradiction between stability enhancement and conjugation integrity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The azide-based compound improves the driving voltage and efficiency of the organic light-emitting device by providing excellent crosslinking properties, allowing for improved manufacturing through an ink-jet process and maintaining the integrity of the hole transport region's conjugation.
Implementation Method 1
facilitates thermal and photocrosslinking without interrupting conjugation
Implementation Method 2
facilitates thermal and photocrosslinking without interrupting conjugation
Implementation Method 3
Carriers, such as holes and electrons, recombine in the emission layer to produce excitons. These excitons transit from an excited state to a ground state, thereby generating light.
Data Source
AI summary
Provided are an azide-based compound, an organic light-emitting device including the azide-based compound, and a method of manufacturing the organic light-emitting device.