Backup Battery Pack Pulsed Charging Controller
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing battery pack charging systems fail to efficiently manage power distribution, leading to constant connection during maintenance modes, which is not compliant with energy efficiency standards like CEC Title 20, and do not effectively disconnect and reconnect energy storage devices for pulsed charging.
Innovation Solution
The system incorporates a controller with a switch that alternately disconnects and reconnects the energy storage device from the power supply at a specific duty cycle, implementing pulsed charging during maintenance modes to comply with energy efficiency standards and extend component life.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the energy storage device remains constantly connected to the power supply during maintenance modes, then the battery pack ensures continuous charging capability, but it fails to comply with energy efficiency standards and reduces component life
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements periodic connection and disconnection of the energy storage device to the power supply through a switch controlled by a controller. During maintenance modes, the switch alternates between closed (connected) and open (disconnected) positions at specific duty cycles, enabling pulsed charging instead of continuous connection. This periodic action maintains charging capability while reducing energy waste and extending component life, achieving compliance with energy efficiency standards like CEC Title 20.
2Loss of energy
If the switch operates at high frequency for pulsed charging, then energy efficiency improves, but component stress and potential failure increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs a dynamically controllable switch (such as a MOSFET or IGBT) that can be precisely controlled by a microcontroller to operate at optimized switching frequencies. The controller adjusts the duty cycle and frequency of the switch based on system conditions, allowing the system to achieve energy efficiency benefits of high-frequency operation while managing thermal stress and component wear through intelligent control strategies, thus maintaining reliability.
3Loss of energy
If the battery pack implements pulsed charging with switch operation, then compliance with energy efficiency standards is achieved, but system complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent integrates the switch and controller into the existing battery pack architecture, where the controller serves multiple functions: managing normal charging operations, implementing maintenance mode pulsed charging, monitoring battery status, and controlling the switch operation. This multi-functional approach achieves energy efficiency compliance through pulsed charging while minimizing the addition of separate dedicated components, thereby limiting the increase in system complexity.
Data Source
AI summary
An electrical circuit can include a power supply that provides primary power, and an electrical load coupled to the power supply. The electrical circuit can also include an energy storage unit coupled to the power supply and the electrical load. The energy storage unit can include at least one energy storage device that stores reserve power using the primary power, and a first switch disposed between the power supply and the at least one energy storage device. The energy storage unit can also include a controller that operates the first switch from a closed position to an open position after a first amount of time. The at least one energy storage device can receive the primary power when the first switch is in the closed position. The at least one energy storage device can fail to receive the primary power when the first switch is in the open position.