Vehicle Backup Power Switching to Prevent Backflow and Voltage Drop
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing backup power supply systems for vehicles face challenges in preventing voltage drops across power supply lines and preventing output currents from flowing backward into electrical storage devices when the power supply recovers from a failure.
Innovation Solution
The proposed backup power supply system includes a backflow prevention switch with an internal diode and a control system with detector circuits to manage power flow, ensuring that the output voltage of the electrical storage device does not cause a voltage drop and that output currents do not flow backward into the storage device.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a backflow prevention diode is provided in the battery-side section of a particular load, then current flowing through the particular load is prevented from flowing backward, but a voltage drop caused by the backflow prevention diode makes it difficult to ensure the voltage to be supplied to the particular load
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a backflow prevention switch as an intermediary device between the battery and the particular load. This switch actively controls current direction without the continuous voltage drop associated with passive diodes. The switch acts as a mediator that prevents backward current flow only when needed, while allowing forward current to pass with minimal resistance, thus resolving the contradiction between reliability and power efficiency.
2Adaptability or versatility
If the FET is turned OFF and the second and fourth switches are both turned ON to supply output current of the capacitor to the group of loads when the battery has caused a failure, then power supply from the capacitor is enabled, but when the battery recovered from the failure, an output current of the battery may flow backward via the second and fourth switches into the capacitor
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs a control unit that continuously monitors the battery's operational state and provides feedback control for the backflow prevention switch. When the battery recovers from failure, the control unit detects this state change and activates the backflow prevention switch to prevent backward current flow into the capacitor. This feedback mechanism ensures reliable power management while maintaining the system's adaptability to different power supply conditions.
Solution Approach 2:
The backflow prevention switch dynamically changes its conduction state based on real-time battery status. During normal operation, the switch remains non-conductive to prevent backward current. When the battery fails, the switch becomes conductive to allow capacitor power to reach loads. This dynamic behavior enables the system to adapt to changing conditions while preventing harmful backward current flow.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration effectively reduces the chances of voltage drops and prevents output currents from flowing backward, ensuring stable power supply to loads even when the primary power supply fails and subsequently recovers.
Implementation Method 1
The backflow prevention switch includes an internal diode having an anode connected to one side including the first load and a cathode connected to the other side including the second load
Data Source
AI summary
A backup power supply system is designed to supply, when a power supply has caused a failure, power from a first electrical storage device to a plurality of loads. The plurality of loads includes a first load and a second load. The first load is connected to a first power supply line. The backup power supply system includes a backflow prevention switch provided between the first load and the second load on the first power supply line and making the first power supply line electrically conductive or non-conductive by turning ON and OFF. The backflow prevention switch includes an internal diode having an anode connected to one side including the first load and a cathode connected to the other side including the second load.