Vehicle Backup Power Circuit Using Cell Balancing Storage
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing in-vehicle power supply systems face challenges in maintaining continuous operation without a dedicated backup power supply, leading to increased size and weight due to the need for a separate backup power source.
Innovation Solution
An in-vehicle backup power supply device that utilizes a battery unit with a discharge circuit and balance circuit, controlled by a control unit to perform cell balancing and second discharge operations, allowing for backup power without a dedicated backup power supply, and includes converters to step up or down voltage for efficient power distribution.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a dedicated backup power supply is provided to ensure continuous operation during failures, then reliability is improved, but device complexity and weight increase
Solution Approach 1:
The balance circuit is designed to perform multiple functions: during normal operation, it performs cell balancing on the battery unit; during failure, it performs backup power supply to the load. This multi-functionality eliminates the need for a separate dedicated backup power supply, reducing device complexity and weight while maintaining reliability
Solution Approach 2:
The backup power supply function is merged with the balance circuit by utilizing the power storage elements already present in the balance circuit. The control unit switches the balance circuit from cell balancing mode to backup power supply mode when failure is detected, combining two functions into one circuit
2Reliability
If a dedicated backup power supply is provided to maintain power supply during failures, then reliability is improved, but weight of the power supply system increases
Solution Approach 1:
The balance circuit's power storage elements serve dual purposes: maintaining cell voltage balance during normal operation and providing backup power during failure. This eliminates the need for separate backup battery weight
Solution Approach 2:
The balance circuit uses its own internal power storage elements to provide backup power, rather than requiring external backup power supply components. The system serves itself by utilizing existing components for multiple functions
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables a simple and reliable backup operation by using existing power storage elements to supply power to the load, effectively utilizing stored energy and reducing the size of the power supply device, while maintaining continuous operation during failures.
Implementation Method 1
a battery unit in which a plurality of unit batteries are connected in series
Implementation Method 2
a plurality of power storage elements, and the balance circuit performs a second discharge operation for supplying power to the conductive path on the load side based on charge accumulated in the plurality of power storage elements
Data Source
AI summary
An in-vehicle backup power supply device includes a battery unit having a plurality of unit batteries connected in series and a discharge circuit configured to perform a first discharge operation for supplying power to a third conductive path based on a charge accumulated in the battery unit, a balance circuit performs a cell balancing operation on the battery unit, and a control unit controls the balance circuit, and the balance circuit is performs a second discharge operation for supplying power to the third conductive path based on a charge accumulated in a plurality of power storage elements, and the control unit performs a first control for causing the balance circuit to perform the cell balancing operation and a second control for causing the balance circuit to perform the second discharge operation, and if a failure in which the first discharge operation cannot operate normally occurs, performs the second control.