BAFF Polypeptide Modulation of Gut-Derived B Cells for MS Treatment

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current methods for treating autoimmune diseases, such as multiple sclerosis, are inadequate as they fail to effectively target and regulate B cells, leading to incomplete suppression of autoimmune responses and potential disease exacerbation.

Innovation Solution

Administering a B-cell Activating Factor (BAFF) polypeptide, either alone or in combination with agents that promote the survival and migration of gut-derived commensal-reactive B cells to the central nervous system, or deplete B cells, to modulate autoimmune responses and reduce inflammation.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If anti-CD20 antibodies are used to deplete B cells, then autoimmune responses are suppressed, but CD20 negative pathogenic B cells are not targeted

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesuppression of autoimmune responsesVSAvoidcoverage of different B cell populations
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the target parameter from CD20 surface marker to BAFF receptor expression, enabling identification and targeting of a different B cell population (CD20 negative pathogenic B cells) that was previously inaccessible to standard therapies

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent uses BAFF as an intermediary molecule to selectively enrich commensal-reactive B cells, which then serve as a bridge to modulate the broader immune response and protect against autoimmune damage

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Object-affected harmful factors

If B cells are depleted to treat autoimmune disease, then inflammatory lesions are prevented, but protective immune responses are also reduced

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveinflammatory lesions in CNSVSAvoidprotective immune responses
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies local quality by selectively targeting and depleting only the pathogenic B cell subset (CD20 negative, non-commensal reactive) while preserving the protective commensal-reactive B cells through BAFF-mediated enrichment

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

Instead of depleting all B cells as in conventional therapy, the patent inverts the approach by selectively enriching and protecting the beneficial commensal-reactive B cell population, which then indirectly suppresses pathogenic responses

Inventive Principle:
Principle #13The other way round (Inversion)

Data Source

PatentEP3843775B1BAFF polypeptide for use in treating multiple sclerosis
Publication Date: 2024.04.03 THE GOVERNING COUNCIL OF THE UNIV OF TORONTO
  • EP3843775B1 patent drawingFigure 1A
  • EP3843775B1 patent drawingFigure 1B~1D
  • EP3843775B1 patent drawingFigure 1E~1F

AI summary

The present disclosure provides methods of treating an autoimmune disease (e.g., multiple sclerosis) by administering at least a B-cell activating factor (BAFF) polypeptide to a subject in need thereof. A method of treating an autoimmune disease by administering BAFF in combination with gut derived IgA+ plasmablasts and/or plasma cells; or a gut commensal that increases IgA levels in the subject is also disclosed.