BAIB and SDMA Biomarkers for Structural Kidney Disease Detection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for assessing renal function, such as using serum creatinine, suffer from imprecision and variability, hindering accurate diagnosis of renal insufficiency and progression of kidney diseases like glomerulonephritis.
Innovation Solution
The use of β-aminoisobutyric acid (BAIB) and symmetrical dimethylarginine (SDMA) as markers in urine or blood samples, measured with anti-BAIB antibodies, to diagnose kidney diseases by comparing concentrations to reference values, indicating structural damage or functional loss.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If serum creatinine is used to assess renal function, then the assessment can be performed with available diagnostic tests, but the measurement precision is poor due to high variability
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the measured parameter from serum creatinine to β-aminoisobutyric acid (BAIB) concentration in urine samples. This parameter change enables more precise measurement of renal function and detection of structural kidney damage, directly resolving the contradiction between measurement precision and diagnostic reliability.
2Reliability
If serum creatinine is used for diagnosis, then the diagnostic process is simple and quick, but the ability to detect early kidney disease and structural damage is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent measures BAIB concentration in urine instead of serum creatinine, enabling detection of structural kidney damage and early disease stages that are invisible to traditional creatinine-based methods.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces BAIB as an intermediary marker that specifically reflects structural kidney damage through its relationship with renal organic anion transporters (OATs). This intermediary provides more reliable early disease detection while maintaining diagnostic simplicity.
3Measurement precision
If traditional renal function markers are used, then the diagnostic tests are widely available, but the precision and accuracy for detecting glomerulonephritis and structural damage are insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent measures BAIB concentration in urine samples, providing precise detection of structural kidney damage and glomerulonephritis. The method maintains ease of implementation through standard urine collection and analysis procedures.
Solution Approach 2:
Instead of measuring serum markers to infer kidney function, the patent inverts the approach by measuring urine BAIB concentration to directly detect structural kidney damage and transporter dysfunction, achieving higher precision while maintaining simplicity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Provides precise and accurate diagnosis of kidney diseases, including glomerulonephritis, kidney stones, and renal carcinoma, by detecting structural damage and functional loss, even when kidney function appears normal.
Implementation Method 1
the measuring comprises contacting the sample with an anti-BAIB antibody and determining binding or the amount of binding between the antibody and BAIB in the sample
Data Source
AI summary
Methods for determining renal function in an animal subject, the method including measuring the concentration of β-aminoisobutyric acid (β-amino isobutyrate) (BAIB) in patients samples and determining the presence, likelihood, or progression of kidney disease as a result of structural damage, or mortality associated with kidney disease. The methods also include measuring the concentration of BAIB in combination is symmetrical dimethyl arginine (SDMA) and determining kidney disease based upon the concentrations of BAIB and SDMA in the samples. Anti-BAIB antibodies, BAIB-conjugates, and assay methods using the antibodies and conjugates are also disclosed.