Off-Center Balance Hairspring Fixation Without Glue or Pins

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing balance springs in mechanical watches face challenges in securing their ends without using glue or pins, which can cause deformation and accuracy issues, and assembly processes are complex and costly.

Innovation Solution

A balance spring design with off-center coils that transition to a centered configuration upon fixation, using a hook-shaped stopping means to engage with a stud, eliminating the need for glue or pins and simplifying assembly.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If glue or pins are used to secure the balance spring ends to the stud, then the balance spring can be fixed reliably, but deformation and accuracy issues occur

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesecuring balance spring endsVSAvoidbalance spring accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The balance spring's own elasticity is utilized to create a self-locking mechanism. When the free end of the last coil is engaged with the stud, the elastic restoring force automatically locks the spring in place without requiring external fasteners like glue or pins, thereby avoiding deformation while maintaining secure attachment

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The invention changes the geometric parameters of the balance spring by creating an asymmetric configuration where the distance between consecutive turns varies. This parameter modification enables the elastic locking mechanism to function properly, allowing reliable fixation without deformation

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Reliability

If traditional fixation methods are used, then the balance spring can be secured, but assembly processes become complex and costly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesecuring balance spring endsVSAvoidassembly process complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The balance spring performs its own fixation function through its elastic properties. The asymmetric coil configuration allows the spring to lock itself onto the stud when engaged, eliminating the need for complex assembly operations and reducing manufacturing complexity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The invention extracts and eliminates unnecessary fixation components (glue, pins, complex assembly mechanisms) from the system. By relying solely on the balance spring's inherent elasticity and asymmetric geometry, the solution simplifies the assembly process while maintaining reliable securing

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

3Ease of manufacture

If the balance spring coils are arranged concentrically in the free state, then the structure is symmetric and simple, but reliable fixation without glue or pins cannot be achieved

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecoil arrangement simplicityVSAvoidfixation without glue or pins
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The invention introduces asymmetry in the coil arrangement by making the distance between consecutive turns non-uniform. This asymmetric configuration is essential for creating the elastic locking mechanism that enables reliable fixation without glue or pins, while the coils remain concentric in the assembled state

Inventive Principle:
Principle #4Asymmetry

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution provides a reliable, reproducible, and cost-effective method for securing the balance spring ends, enhancing accuracy and reducing assembly time while minimizing mechanical stress and deformation.

Implementation Method 1

The balance spring is a spring that, as its name suggests, takes the form of a spiral when at rest. Winded in a horizontal plane, parallel to the plane of the clockwork mechanism, the balance spring serves only one function: to make the balance wheel oscillate around its equilibrium position

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElasticity: Elasticity

Implementation Method 2

the coils are rearranged concentrically when this spiral is mounted in the balance wheel-spiral assembly mounted in the mechanical clock movement; the fixing of the spiral onto the stud induces an elastic stress in the spiral coils by means of which the locking means is irrevocably engaged in the recess of the stud

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElastic stress: Elasticity

Data Source

PatentEP4332687B1Hairspring of a balance-hairspring assembly of a mechanical clock movement
Publication Date: 2025.12.31 ETA SA MFG HORLOGERE SUISSE
  • EP4332687B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4332687B1 patent drawingFigure 2A~2B
  • EP4332687B1 patent drawingFigure 3A~4

AI summary

The invention relates to a balance spring (1) of a balance wheel and balance spring assembly of a mechanical watch movement, the balance spring (1) being formed of a succession of turns (S1,...,Sn) extending between a first free end, called the first inner turn (2), and a second free end, called the last outer turn (6), the turns of the balance spring being arranged off-center in the free state of the spring, the last outer turn (6) of the balance spring (1) terminating in a retaining means for its attachment to a stud (14), the balance spring (1) being centered and its turns concentric when this balance spring (1) is mounted in the balance wheel and balance spring assembly, the turns rearranging concentrically when this balance spring is mounted, the attachment of the balance spring to the stud inducing in the turns of the balance spring (1) an elastic stress by means of which the retaining means is fixed in a way that cannot be lost on the piton (14).