Balance-Mass Positioning with Gravity Compensation for Longer Stroke

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing positioning devices in e-beam apparatuses face challenges with high effective stiffness in the direction of movement, leading to increased stress and potential fatigue in leaf springs, which limits stroke and performance.

Innovation Solution

The introduction of a gravity compensator and a stiffness reduction device, such as magnetic gravity compensators and negative stiffness mechanisms, to reduce the vertical support requirements of leaf springs, thereby lowering horizontal stiffness and minimizing reaction force transfer.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Object-affected harmful factors

If leaf springs are designed with relatively low stiffness in the horizontal direction to reduce disturbance effect, then the disturbance effect is reduced, but the achievable stroke is limited due to stress and fatigue of the material

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedisturbance effectVSAvoidachievable stroke
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSDuration of action of moving object

Solution Approach 1:

A balance mass is arranged between the actuator and the reference, moving in the opposite direction to the stage movement. This counterbalances the reaction forces from the actuator, reducing the disturbance effect on the reference while allowing larger strokes without increasing stress on the leaf springs.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #8Anti-weight (Counterweight)

Solution Approach 2:

The stiffness of the leaf springs in the horizontal direction is optimized to a specific low value that minimizes disturbance effect while maintaining sufficient stress margins. This parameter optimization allows the system to achieve larger strokes before reaching material fatigue limits.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Stress or pressure

If the weight of the balance mass is reduced to reduce stress and fatigue, then stress and fatigue are reduced, but a larger stroke is required for the balance mass to follow movements of the stage

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvestress and fatigueVSAvoidstroke
Core Design Contradiction:
Stress or pressureVSLength of moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The balance mass is designed with an optimal weight that provides sufficient counterbalancing effect to reduce reaction forces while maintaining a compact stroke. The balance mass weight is typically higher than the stage weight (e.g., 5:1 ratio), creating a mechanical advantage that reduces both stress and required stroke simultaneously.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #8Anti-weight (Counterweight)

3Strength

If leaf springs are designed with sufficient stiffness in the vertical direction to support the balance mass, then gravitational support is provided, but this creates a relatively low stiffness in the horizontal direction which limits performance

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvegravitational supportVSAvoiddisturbance effect
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The leaf springs are designed with different stiffness characteristics in different directions: high vertical stiffness to support the balance mass against gravity, and low horizontal stiffness to minimize disturbance effect. This anisotropic stiffness design allows the same component to fulfill multiple conflicting requirements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach reduces the disturbance effect of leaf springs, allows for larger displacements without increasing stress, and lowers the actuation force required, thereby enhancing the positioning device's performance and reducing the risk of fatigue.

Implementation Method 1

a gravity compensator acting between the reference and the balance mass to exert a lifting force on the balance mass

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMagnetic force: Lorentz Force

Implementation Method 2

a stiffness reduction device acting between the reference and the balance mass, the stiffness reduction device providing a second stiffness in the direction of movement, wherein the second stiffness is a negative stiffness that counteracts the first stiffness at least partly

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectNegative stiffness mechanism:

Data Source

PatentEP3918223B1Positioning device, stiffness reduction device and electron beam apparatus
Publication Date: 2023.11.08 ASML NETHERLANDS BV
  • EP3918223B1 patent drawingFigure 1A~1B
  • EP3918223B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3918223B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The present invention provides a positioning device configured to displace an object, comprising: a stage to support the object, an actuator to move the stage with respect to a reference in a direction of movement, a balance mass arranged between the actuator and the reference to reduce transfer of reaction forces from the actuator to the reference, a support device arranged between the reference and the balance mass to support the balance mass, and a gravity compensator acting between the reference and the balance mass to exert a lifting force on the balance mass to reduce a gravitational support force to be provided by the support device to support the balance mass.