Balance Spring Resonance Testing for Temperature-Stable Watch Regulation

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing methods for manufacturing watch spiral springs, particularly those made from silicon, suffer from significant geometric variations in dimensions and stiffness, leading to inconsistent performance due to temperature variations, and require precise assembly that increases contamination risk and measurement errors.

Innovation Solution

A method involving vibratory excitation of individual balance springs or blanks to identify resonance frequencies, allowing for the determination of thermal coefficients without assembly, enabling precise measurement and correction of stiffness and thermal properties, thus improving manufacturing efficiency and reducing contamination.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If multiple silicon resonators are fabricated on a single wafer using microfabrication technologies, then manufacturing efficiency is improved, but geometric variations in dimensions and stiffness occur leading to inconsistent performance

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemanufacturing efficiencyVSAvoidgeometric variations in dimensions and stiffness
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent divides the manufacturing process into two distinct stages: first fabricating multiple resonators on a wafer for efficient production, then individually testing and sorting them by stiffness characteristics. This segmentation allows mass production while maintaining precision through post-fabrication classification and selective assembly.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the testing parameter from static dimensional measurement to dynamic stiffness measurement through vibratory excitation. By measuring resonance frequencies and calculating stiffness values, the process can sort resonators based on their actual mechanical properties rather than just geometric dimensions, compensating for manufacturing variations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Measurement precision

If individual balance springs are tested by coupling them with a balance wheel, then measurement accuracy is improved, but assembly complexity increases and contamination risk rises

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvestiffness measurement accuracyVSAvoidassembly complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts the balance wheel from the testing apparatus, eliminating the need for complex assembly. Instead of coupling the balance spring with a balance wheel, the invention uses a simplified vibratory excitation system that directly measures the spring's stiffness, reducing contamination risk and assembly complexity while maintaining measurement accuracy.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces the mechanical coupling method with a vibratory excitation system. Rather than mechanically coupling the balance spring to a balance wheel for testing, the invention applies controlled vibrations and measures the resonant response, substituting a complex mechanical assembly with a simpler vibrational measurement system.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Ease of manufacture

If balance springs are tested at room temperature, then testing simplicity is improved, but temperature stability and performance consistency deteriorate

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetesting simplicityVSAvoidtemperature stability
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent performs preliminary stiffness measurement and classification at room temperature during fabrication, then uses this data to guide subsequent assembly and adjustment. This preliminary action simplifies the testing process while the classified data enables temperature-compensated assembly, ensuring performance consistency across temperature variations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements feedback by measuring the actual stiffness of each balance spring and using this information to adjust the assembly process. The stiffness measurements feed back into the selection and pairing of balance springs with balance wheels, ensuring optimal matching that compensates for temperature effects and maintains performance stability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach allows for faster, more precise production of watch spiral springs with reduced contamination risk, enabling better temperature stability and compatibility with balance wheels, enhancing the accuracy and reliability of mechanical watches.

Implementation Method 1

apply to the balance spring or balance spring blank a time-varying vibratory excitation to cover a predetermined frequency range

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectVibration: Vibration

Implementation Method 2

identify at least one feature of a resonance frequency of the balance spring or balance spring blank, such as a resonance peak

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectResonance: Resonance

Data Source

PatentEP4558866B1Method for monitoring and manufacturing timepiece hairsprings
Publication Date: 2026.01.28 RICHEMONT INTERNATIONAL SA
  • EP4558866B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP4558866B1 patent drawingFigure 3A~3B
  • EP4558866B1 patent drawingFigure 3C~3D

AI summary

The invention relates to a method for testing a balance spring or a balance-spring blank arranged to form a balance spring, comprising the following steps: a. applying, to the balance spring or the balance-spring blank, a vibratory excitation that varies over time so as to cover a predetermined frequency range; b. identifying at least one characteristic of a resonant frequency of the balance spring or balance-spring blank, such as a resonant peak, during or in response to the vibratory excitation over the predetermined frequency range; c. submitting the resonant-frequency characteristic identified in step b. to a machine for predicting temperature coefficient in order to determine a temperature coefficient of the Young's modulus (CTE) of the balance spring and/or a temperature coefficient (CT) of a timepiece system comprising the balance spring.