Bale Forming Apparatus with Crowned Rollers for Uniform Density

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing apparatus for forming bales of agricultural or forestry biomass struggle to achieve uniform density and a level top, often resulting in uneven stacks and reduced packing efficiency due to limitations in compaction force and structural support.

Innovation Solution

The apparatus employs a crop deflector with a flexible tarp and rollers to continuously compact biomass into uniform layers, using a combination of rigid and flexible components to guide and distribute the biomass evenly, ensuring each layer is flat and of consistent density, while the packer apparatus adjusts its position and orientation to maintain uniformity.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Area of stationary object

If a horizontal compaction roller is used to compact biomass in successive layers, then the bale can be formed with a large cross-sectional area, but the density of packing is reduced due to reliance on roller weight alone

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebale cross-sectional areaVSAvoidpacking density
Core Design Contradiction:
Area of stationary objectVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies counterweight by positioning a heavy stationary structure (the chamber with fixed walls and floor) to provide downward force on the biomass. The chamber itself acts as a counterweight system, using its mass and structural rigidity to compress the biomass layers horizontally, compensating for the insufficient weight of the moving roller alone.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #8Anti-weight (Counterweight)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent employs crowned rollers (rollers with a curved or arched cross-section) to compact the biomass. The curved surface of these rollers distributes compression force more effectively across the biomass layer, achieving better density while maintaining the ability to form large bales. The crown shape allows the roller to apply pressure from multiple points simultaneously.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #14Spheroidality (Curvature)

2Device complexity

If the support structure is supported by flexible cables, then the device can be simpler in construction, but the stack becomes uneven due to tilting of the structure

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesupport structure complexityVSAvoidstack levelness
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

The patent divides the support function into multiple independent elements: rigid guide rails positioned at multiple locations, separate support rollers, and distributed cable attachments. This segmentation allows each component to perform its specific function independently, preventing cumulative tilting errors and maintaining overall structural stability throughout the compaction process.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent incorporates guide rails and alignment features that are pre-positioned to establish the correct geometric relationship between components before compaction begins. The rigid guide structure is installed and fixed in advance, creating a stable reference framework that prevents tilting during operation, eliminating the need for complex active stabilization systems.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

3Quantity of substance

If a large diameter roller is used for compaction, then the device can handle large biomass volumes, but the periphery of the stack is poorly compacted due to guide structure edges occupying peripheral regions

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebiomass volumeVSAvoidperipheral compaction quality
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses crowned rollers with a curved cross-sectional shape that extends to the periphery of the roller. This curvature allows the roller to maintain contact and apply compression force at the edges of the biomass stack, where guide structure edges would otherwise create gaps. The rounded profile ensures continuous contact pressure across the entire width, including peripheral regions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #14Spheroidality (Curvature)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent addresses peripheral compaction by moving the compaction function into the vertical dimension through the crown height of the rollers. The elevated curved surface allows the roller to reach over the guide structure edges and apply pressure to the peripheral biomass layers, effectively compensating for the spatial obstruction created by the guide framework.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

4Device complexity

If conventional vertical plunger packing is used, then the packing process is simple, but achieving high crop density in large bales is difficult

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepacking process simplicityVSAvoidcrop density
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the flat surface of conventional plungers with crowned rollers that have a curved cross-section. This curvature allows the rollers to apply compression force more effectively across the biomass, achieving higher density by distributing pressure through a larger contact area and maintaining consistent pressure during the rolling motion, unlike the single-point pressure of vertical plungers.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #14Spheroidality (Curvature)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements continuous horizontal rolling compaction that progresses through the biomass layer in a sustained manner. The roller moves continuously along the guide rails, applying compression force throughout the entire length of the biomass stack in successive passes, rather than intermittent vertical plunging. This continuous action achieves more uniform and higher density throughout the bale.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #20Continuity of useful action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This solution allows for the formation of bales with uniform density and a level top, reducing the tendency for biomass to accumulate or slide during transport, and enabling efficient packing with minimal disturbance, thus overcoming the limitations of previous technologies.

Implementation Method 1

The packer apparatus is movable end to end within the chamber for uniformly compacting an incoming stream of biomass into a bale

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMechanical Force: Mechanical Force

Implementation Method 2

packing in successive horizontal layers and using gravity force (like packing bunker silos) is believed to be more realistic

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectGravity: Gravitation

Data Source

PatentEP2608654B1Apparatus for forming a unitary bale of agricultural or forestry biomass with successive horizontally compacted layers
Publication Date: 2020.10.14 CNH IND BELGIUM NV
  • EP2608654B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2608654B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2608654B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4

AI summary

The apparatus forms a unitary bale of agricultural or forestry biomass of uniform density and having a level top. The apparatus includes packer apparatus configured and supported in the chamber for reciprocating movement through a compacting chamber and progressive movement upwardly to form the bale. A crop deflector is supported in the chamber above the packer apparatus for deflecting a stream of the biomass downwardly, and is configured and operable so as to move continuously with the packer apparatus between the ends of the chamber and to substantially constantly reconfigure as a function of a position of the packer apparatus and a direction of the movement thereof so as to deflect the stream of the biomass directly in a path of the packer apparatus in the current direction of the movement thereof so as to be immediately compacted thereby onto the floor or the bale.