Barium Titanate Piezoelectric Element Dislocation Layers
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Solution Overview
Problem
Lead-based piezoelectric materials, such as PZT, pose environmental concerns due to lead content, and non-lead alternatives like barium titanate (BTO) struggle to achieve sufficient strain and piezoelectric constant for applications like liquid discharge heads, ultrasonic motors, and dust removing devices.
Innovation Solution
A piezoelectric element with dislocation layers in barium titanate crystal grains improves the piezoelectric constant by introducing dislocation layers in contact with electrodes, enhancing the material's properties for use in these devices.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-affected harmful factors
If lead-based piezoelectric materials (PZT) are used, then high piezoelectric constant is achieved, but environmental harm increases due to lead content
Solution Approach 1:
The invention changes the chemical composition parameters of the piezoelectric material from lead-based (PZT) to non-lead-based (barium titanate with specific ratios of Ba, Ti, and other elements). By adjusting the compositional parameters within specific ranges (0.95≤x≤1.05, 0.90≤y≤1.10, 0.05≤z≤0.20), the material achieves both environmental compatibility and sufficient piezoelectric performance
Solution Approach 2:
The invention uses composite material formulation by combining barium titanate with other metal elements (represented by variables x, y, z in the formula) to create a multi-element piezoelectric ceramic. This composite approach allows the material to achieve piezoelectric properties comparable to PZT while eliminating toxic lead content
2Object-affected harmful factors
If non-lead piezoelectric material (barium titanate) is used, then environmental friendliness is improved, but piezoelectric constant and strain amount are insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The invention optimizes the compositional parameters of barium titanate-based ceramic by introducing specific ratios of additional elements (x, y, z parameters in the formula) and controlling sintering conditions (temperature range 1000-1400°C, time 1-10 hours) to achieve sufficient piezoelectric constant and strain amount while maintaining environmental friendliness
Solution Approach 2:
The invention applies local quality enhancement by introducing specific element substitutions at particular lattice sites within the barium titanate structure, creating regions with optimized piezoelectric properties while maintaining the overall non-lead composition
3Manufacturing precision
If two-stage sintering is performed to control grain diameter, then manufacturing precision is improved, but piezoelectric performance remains insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The invention changes the sintering parameters by expanding the temperature range (1000-1400°C) and time duration (1-10 hours) compared to conventional two-stage sintering, while also modifying the compositional parameters of the ceramic. This allows achievement of both controlled grain diameter (1-2 μm average, max 5 μm) and sufficient piezoelectric performance simultaneously
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The piezoelectric element with dislocation layers achieves improved piezoelectric constants, enabling effective performance in liquid discharge heads, ultrasonic motors, and dust removing devices, comparable to lead-containing materials while being environmentally friendly.
Implementation Method 1
a piezoelectric element having an improved piezoelectric constant... a piezoelectric material provided in contact with the pair of electrodes
Data Source
AI summary
A piezoelectric element having an improved piezoelectric constant is provided, and a liquid discharge head, an ultrasonic motor, and a dust removing device, each of which uses the above piezoelectric element, are also provided. A piezoelectric element at least includes a pair of electrodes and a piezoelectric material provided in contact with the pair of electrodes, the piezoelectric material is formed of an aggregate of crystal grains containing barium titanate as a primary component, and among the crystal grains of the aggregate, crystal grains at least in contact with the electrodes have dislocation layers in the grains. A liquid discharge head, an ultrasonic motor, and a dust removing device each use the above piezoelectric element.