Base Station Antenna Orientation Adjustment for 5G mmWave Signal Alignment
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Solution Overview
Problem
In 5G communication systems operating in the mmWave band, antenna orientation is fixed, leading to significant signal gain drops due to tilted signal incidence, and existing systems fail to dynamically adjust antenna orientation based on varying terminal positions, traffic distributions, and channel environments.
Innovation Solution
A method and device for dynamically adjusting antenna orientation by calculating optimal orientations using reference signals, considering terminal positions, traffic levels, QoS requirements, and channel variations, with a base station and terminal both equipped with antenna orientation adjusters and controllers to optimize signal alignment.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If antenna orientation is fixed in 5G mmWave systems, then device complexity is reduced, but signal quality deteriorates due to gain drops from tilted signal incidence
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies dynamics by transitioning from a fixed antenna orientation to a dynamic adjustment mechanism. The base station controller calculates optimal orientation angles based on terminal positions and channel conditions, then adjusts the antenna orientation in real-time to maintain optimal signal alignment, resolving the contradiction between simplicity and signal quality.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the orientation parameter of the antenna based on calculated optimal values. By continuously updating the orientation angle parameter according to terminal positions and channel conditions, the system maintains high signal quality without requiring complex mechanical structures, as the adjustment is achieved through controlled parameter modification.
2Reliability
If antenna orientation is dynamically adjusted based on terminal positions and channel conditions, then signal quality is improved, but device complexity increases due to additional controllers and adjusters
Solution Approach 1:
The base station performs self-service by autonomously calculating optimal antenna orientations using its own controller and adjusting the antenna orientation without requiring external intervention. The system uses embedded algorithms to process terminal position information and channel conditions, then automatically adjusts orientations, reducing the need for additional complex external control mechanisms.
Solution Approach 2:
The base station controller serves multiple functions: it manages terminal communications, calculates optimal antenna orientations, and controls antenna adjustment. By making the controller multi-functional, the patent avoids adding separate dedicated control devices, thereby improving signal quality while minimizing the increase in overall device complexity.
3Productivity
If antenna orientation is adjusted to maintain optimal signal alignment, then transmission speed is improved, but energy consumption increases due to continuous adjustment operations
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements periodic action by adjusting antenna orientations based on changing channel conditions and terminal positions rather than continuous adjustment. The system recalculates and adjusts orientations at appropriate intervals or when significant changes occur, maintaining high transmission speeds while reducing unnecessary energy consumption from constant adjustment operations.
Data Source
AI summary
A device including an antenna and a control method thereof are provided. In the method, a base station receives, from at least one terminal, a reference signal transmitted through at least one beam based on beam sweeping. Also, the base station calculates an angle between the base station and the at least one terminal transmitting the reference signal by using the received reference signal for each beam, and computes an optimal antenna orientation of a base station antenna of the base station by using the calculated angle. Further, the base station adjusts an orientation of the base station antenna according to the optimal antenna orientation of the base station antenna.