Base Station Gain Control for Passive Intermodulation Suppression

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

The increasing number of frequency bands and carriers in wireless communications leads to a significant problem of passive intermodulation (PIM), causing interference that can render receivers unusable, and existing solutions require complex station designs and costly tower reinforcements or feeder additions to mitigate this issue.

Innovation Solution

A passive intermodulation suppression method and system that uses uplink controllable gain modules to adjust the gain of base stations, allowing multiple frequency bands to share a feeder without the need for remote radio unit (RRU) mounting on towers or additional feeder installations, by dynamically controlling the gain to maintain constant attenuation and reduce PIM requirements.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If multiple frequency bands are transmitted on a single feeder, then traffic density and coverage requirements are met, but passive intermodulation interference increases exponentially

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetraffic densityVSAvoidpassive intermodulation interference
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts the harmful PIM interference from the mixed frequency band transmission by introducing a dedicated PIM cancellation signal path. The cancellation signal is generated separately and then combined with the received signal to remove the PIM components, allowing multiple frequency bands to share feeders without suffering from exponential PIM interference increase.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the parameter of signal processing by introducing active PIM cancellation techniques. By dynamically adjusting cancellation signal parameters (amplitude, phase, frequency) based on detected PIM characteristics, the system can suppress PIM interference while maintaining high traffic density on shared feeders.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Object-affected harmful factors

If feeders are not shared between low and high frequency bands, then PIM interference is avoided, but station design becomes complicated and costs increase

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovePIM interferenceVSAvoidstation design
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges previously separate frequency band transmissions into shared feeders by implementing PIM cancellation functionality within the base station. This allows low and high frequency bands to coexist on the same physical infrastructure without requiring separate feeder paths, thereby simplifying station design while maintaining PIM suppression.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces an intermediary PIM cancellation mechanism that mediates between multiple frequency bands sharing the same feeder. This intermediary processing stage detects and removes PIM components, enabling feeder sharing without the need for complex physical separation or reinforcement structures.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Object-affected harmful factors

If tower reinforcement or feeder addition is performed, then PIM problems are resolved, but costs increase significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovePIM problemVSAvoidcost
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces mechanical solutions (tower reinforcement, feeder addition) with an electronic/software-based PIM cancellation system. By using signal processing algorithms and digital signal manipulation, the system achieves PIM suppression without requiring expensive physical infrastructure modifications.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the approach from physical parameter changes (adding infrastructure) to signal parameter changes (adjusting cancellation signal characteristics). This allows PIM problems to be resolved through software-controlled parameter adjustments rather than costly hardware modifications.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Data Source

PatentEP3553954B1Passive intermodulation suppression method and passive intermodulation suppression system
Publication Date: 2022.02.23 HUAWEI TECH CO LTD
  • EP3553954B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3553954B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3553954B1 patent drawingFigure 3A

AI summary

Embodiments of the present invention disclose a passive intermodulation suppression method and a passive intermodulation suppression system. The method in the embodiments of the present invention includes: obtaining, by using a target uplink controllable gain module, a first power Pt of an uplink signal sent by an antenna; obtaining a second power Pb of a signal that is output from an output port of a base station; configuring a target attenuation of the base station; and adjusting the initial gain value based on the target attenuation to keep a gain of the base station constant. According to the method described in the embodiments, the base station can maintain the target attenuation constant in a process of adjusting a gain of the target uplink controllable gain module, thereby reducing a PIM requirement of a passive intermodulation suppression system.