Base Station Power Thresholding for EMF Exposure Control

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current wireless communication systems face challenges in managing electromagnetic field (EMF) exposure, particularly in ensuring that the maximum allowed EMF levels are not exceeded, which can lead to issues like resource starvation and unsatisfactory delay fairness under high traffic conditions.

Innovation Solution

A method is introduced where a base station determines a power threshold for transmission by measuring overshoot in transmitted power and computing it based on a set of admissible power thresholds, ensuring that the EMF exposure remains within safe limits while maintaining seamless connectivity and fairness across users.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If the base station uses high transmission power to maintain seamless connectivity and serve more users, then the coverage and user capacity are improved, but the EMF exposure exceeds maximum allowed levels

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveuser capacityVSAvoidEMF exposure
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The base station pre-calculates and determines a set of admissible power thresholds before transmission occurs. By measuring overshoot in transmitted power and computing appropriate thresholds in advance, the system proactively prevents EMF exposure from exceeding maximum levels while still maintaining seamless connectivity and serving users within safe radiation limits

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

2Object-affected harmful factors

If the base station strictly limits transmission power to meet EMF exposure requirements, then EMF safety is improved, but resource starvation and unsatisfactory delay fairness occur under high traffic conditions

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveEMF exposureVSAvoidservice quality
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The system dynamically adjusts the power threshold based on measured overshoot in transmitted power. By computing the power threshold as a function of measured overshoot and the set of admissible power thresholds, the base station adapts transmission power in real-time to balance EMF safety requirements with service quality, preventing resource starvation and maintaining delay fairness under high traffic conditions

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The base station measures overshoot in transmitted power and uses this feedback to compute and adjust the power threshold for subsequent transmissions. This closed-loop feedback mechanism ensures that EMF exposure remains within safe limits while maintaining optimal service quality by preventing complete depletion of the EMF budget

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

3Productivity

If the base station uses aggressive power allocation to serve high traffic demand, then user capacity is improved, but power budget depletion occurs leading to resource starvation

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetraffic capacityVSAvoidpower budget
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The base station pre-determines a set of admissible power thresholds that prevent complete depletion of the power budget. By calculating thresholds based on measured overshoot before transmission occurs, the system proactively manages power consumption to serve high traffic demand sustainably without causing resource starvation

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The system continuously measures overshoot in transmitted power and adjusts the power threshold accordingly. This feedback mechanism prevents aggressive power allocation from depleting the power budget by dynamically scaling transmission power to match actual traffic needs while maintaining service quality

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Data Source

PatentEP4391659A1Traffic smoothing to reduce EMF exposure
Publication Date: 2024.06.26 NOKIA SOLUTIONS & NETWORKS OY
  • EP4391659A1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4391659A1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4391659A1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A base station determines a power threshold to use for transmission in a sampling period in order to meet a power requirement defined to limit an amount of a function of radiated power, at least by: determining a set of admissible power thresholds; measuring overshoot in transmitted power; and computing the power threshold to be used for the transmission, as a function of the measured overshoot and the set of admissible power thresholds, to form the determined power threshold. The base station performs the transmission in the sampling period using the determined power threshold. Periodically, a set of hyper-parameters is found that improve expected performance in terms of power threshold fairness using multiple power thresholds and corresponding multiple power consumption values. The hyper-parameters are then used at least to computer the power thresholds used for transmission.