Base Station Beam Steering Using Predictive Codebook Generation
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Solution Overview
Problem
In the 5G environment, the massive MIMO configuration forms a large number of beam patterns, resulting in narrow beam widths, which complicates accurate beam steering and increases power consumption due to the broadcast method used for beam pattern formation.
Innovation Solution
A base station apparatus that receives beam control information from a terminal, adjusts the beam direction based on this information, and generates a beamforming codebook using an autocorrelation function-based linear prediction algorithm to form unicast beam patterns at predicted change positions of the terminal.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If massive MIMO configuration forms a large number of beam patterns, then transmission capacity is improved, but beam width becomes narrow making beam steering inaccurate
Solution Approach 1:
The base station predicts future terminal positions in advance and pre-forms beam patterns at these predicted locations. By using movement displacement information from the terminal and generating a beamforming codebook for multiple change prediction positions, the system prepares beam steering directions before the terminal actually moves there, ensuring accurate beam alignment despite the narrow beam widths inherent in massive MIMO configurations
Solution Approach 2:
The beam pattern formation is made dynamic by continuously updating beam directions based on real-time movement displacement information from the terminal. The base station adjusts beam patterns dynamically to track the terminal's movement, rather than using static beam configurations, which allows the system to maintain beam steering accuracy as the terminal moves through the coverage area
2Area of stationary object
If broadcast method is used for beam pattern formation, then coverage is improved, but power consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system extracts and utilizes movement displacement information from the terminal to determine which beam patterns are actually needed. Instead of forming all possible beam patterns across the entire coverage area, the base station only forms beam patterns at predicted terminal positions, removing unnecessary beam formation operations that would consume power but provide no benefit
Solution Approach 2:
By predicting terminal positions in advance and pre-forming only the necessary beam patterns at these locations, the system avoids the power-intensive broadcast method of forming beam patterns across the entire coverage area. The preliminary prediction allows selective beam formation only where needed, significantly reducing power consumption while maintaining adequate coverage for moving terminals
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure relates to a base station apparatus and a method of operating a base station apparatus capable of improving accuracy of beam steering (steerability) in performing beamforming using an antenna based on multiple input multiple output (MIMO).