Base Station Load Balancing Using UE Spatial Distribution
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Solution Overview
Problem
Next-generation cellular networks face issues with system throughput degradation due to asymmetric distribution of user equipments (UEs) across cell coverage areas, leading to inefficient use of resources and reduced average number of multiple user layers.
Innovation Solution
A load balancing method that considers the spatial distribution of terminal devices by determining areas with high load and initiating handovers to neighboring cells with lower load, using beam mapping and measurement reports to optimize resource allocation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If traditional load balance methods are used without considering spatial distribution, then implementation complexity is reduced, but system throughput degrades due to asymmetric UE distribution
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by considering the spatial distribution characteristics of UEs in different areas of the cell. Instead of treating all UEs uniformly, the system identifies high-density regions and applies targeted load balancing actions to those specific areas, optimizing throughput where needed while maintaining simplicity in low-density regions.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent segments the cell coverage area into different spatial regions based on UE distribution density. By dividing the service area into high-load and low-load zones, the system can apply differentiated load balancing strategies to each segment, improving overall throughput without requiring complex global optimization.
2Productivity
If beam mapping and measurement reports are used to optimize resource allocation, then frequency efficiency improves, but measurement and detection difficulty increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements self-service by utilizing measurement reports that are already being collected from UEs for other purposes (such as beam management and mobility). The spatial distribution information is derived from existing measurement data without requiring additional dedicated measurement mechanisms, thus improving frequency efficiency while avoiding increased measurement complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies universality by making the existing beam mapping and measurement report mechanisms serve multiple functions. The same measurement infrastructure used for beam selection and handover decisions is also utilized to determine UE spatial distribution for load balancing, eliminating the need for separate measurement systems.
Data Source
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AI summary
Methods and apparatuses for load balance are disclosed. According to an embodiment, a first base station determines a first spatial distribution of terminal devices in a first cell of the first base station, based on measurement reports which are received from the terminal devices and comprise beam candidates suitable for serving the terminal devices. The first base station determines whether the first cell has a first area whose load needs to be offloaded, based on the first spatial distribution. When determining that the first cell has the first area, the first base station sends, to one or more neighboring base stations, an offload request comprising part of the first spatial distribution corresponding to the first area.