Base Station Spectrum Co-existence via Quality Indicators

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Solution Overview

Problem

Wireless communication networks face interference and communication inefficiencies due to shared spectrum usage among multiple network operating entities, leading to increased signaling overhead and latency, especially in unlicensed frequency bands where medium-sensing procedures are required for access.

Innovation Solution

A method where a base station determines diminished communication quality and transmits a quality indicator to a central controller, triggering a switch to a contention-based procedure state to mitigate interference, allowing for coordinated resource partitioning and reduced interference among network entities.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If base stations use non-contention-based procedures in shared spectrum, then network efficiency and access speed are improved, but interference from neighboring base stations increases and communication quality deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvenetwork efficiencyVSAvoidinterference
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The system dynamically switches between non-contention-based and contention-based procedures based on real-time quality indicators. Base stations transition from efficient non-contention mode to interference-mitigating contention mode when quality thresholds are breached, creating an adaptive access mechanism that responds to changing spectral conditions

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The system implements feedback loops where base stations monitor communication quality indicators and report to a central controller. The controller analyzes aggregated quality data and triggers procedural switches, creating a closed-loop control system that continuously optimizes spectrum access based on actual communication conditions

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

2Reliability

If base stations switch to contention-based procedures to reduce interference, then communication quality improves, but signaling overhead and access latency increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecommunication qualityVSAvoidaccess latency
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

Instead of universally applying contention-based procedures across all base stations and all time, the system applies contention procedures selectively and partially - only to base stations experiencing quality degradation and only temporarily until quality improves. This partial application minimizes the overall signaling overhead and access latency while still achieving the necessary communication quality

Inventive Principle:
Principle #16Partial or excessive action

Solution Approach 2:

The system changes the operational parameters of spectrum access procedures based on quality indicators. When quality deteriorates, the system transitions from non-contention parameters (higher speed, less overhead) to contention parameters (lower latency, more signaling). This parameter switching allows the system to optimize for quality when necessary while maintaining efficiency during normal conditions

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Reliability

If base stations continuously monitor and switch procedures based on quality indicators, then communication quality is maintained, but system complexity and signaling overhead increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecommunication qualityVSAvoidsystem complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The system introduces a central controller as an intermediary that aggregates quality indicators from multiple base stations and makes centralized decisions about procedure switching. This intermediary simplifies individual base station complexity by handling the decision-making logic centrally, while still achieving coordinated quality maintenance across the network

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Data Source

PatentEP3586535B1Co-existence mechanisms for shared spectrum and unlicensed spectrum
Publication Date: 2021.09.29 QUALCOMM INC
  • EP3586535B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3586535B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3586535B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Co-existence mechanisms for shared spectrum and unlicensed spectrum are disclosed. Several base stations, from one or more network operators, share a communication spectrum in a base non-contention procedure state. When a given base station determines that communications with its served user equipments (UEs) suffers a diminished quality, the base station transmits a diminished quality indicator in response. Subsequent communications with the served UEs over the shared spectrum would then occur using a contention-based procedure state triggered by the diminished quality indicator. The triggering of the contention-based procedure may be made by the base station on either sending the diminished quality indicator or receiving a similar indicator from a neighbor base station, or by an indication from a central controller making a determination to initiate contention-based procedures based on flags received from the neighboring base stations.