Basecoat Composition Curing During Dehydration

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Solution Overview

Problem

The existing automotive coating processes require multiple steps, including an intermediate primer surfacer layer, which can lead to issues with uncured basecoat layers allowing solvent migration and affecting pigment orientation and intercoat adhesion, necessitating higher curing temperatures for the clearcoat.

Innovation Solution

A method involving a basecoat composition that cures during the dehydration step, allowing for a higher degree of cure before applying the clearcoat, thereby enabling lower temperature curing of the clearcoat and eliminating the need for a primer surfacer layer, reducing energy consumption and coating steps.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If the basecoat layer is only dehydrated but not cured before application of the clearcoat, then the coating process can be simplified and energy consumption reduced, but the uncured basecoat does not have sufficient hold out properties allowing solvent migration that adversely affects pigment orientation and intercoat adhesion

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecoating process efficiencyVSAvoidintercoat adhesion
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The invention changes the chemical composition parameters of the basecoat by incorporating reactive functional groups (carboxyl, hydroxyl, or amine groups with specific concentrations) that enable the basecoat to cure during the dehydration step. This parameter change allows the basecoat to achieve sufficient cure degree before clearcoat application, providing adequate hold out properties while maintaining process efficiency

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The basecoat is formulated with reactive groups that initiate curing action during the dehydration step itself, rather than requiring a separate curing step before clearcoat application. This preliminary curing action during dehydration ensures the basecoat has sufficient hold out properties before the clearcoat is applied, preventing solvent migration issues

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

2Reliability

If the basecoat is cured before application of the clearcoat, then intercoat adhesion and pigment orientation are improved, but an additional energy-consuming step is added to the coating process

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveintercoat adhesionVSAvoidenergy consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The invention merges the dehydration step with the curing step by formulating the basecoat with reactive functional groups that enable curing to occur during dehydration. This consolidation of steps eliminates the need for a separate curing step before clearcoat application, reducing energy consumption while ensuring adequate basecoat cure and hold out properties

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

By changing the chemical composition of the basecoat to include reactive groups at specific concentrations, the curing reaction is triggered during the dehydration step itself. This parameter change allows the basecoat to achieve sufficient cure degree without requiring additional energy-intensive curing steps

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Reliability

If the clearcoat is cured at high temperature to ensure proper curing, then the curing completeness is improved, but energy consumption increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecuring completenessVSAvoidenergy consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The basecoat undergoes preliminary curing during the dehydration step, achieving a high degree of cure before clearcoat application. This preliminary action reduces the curing burden on the clearcoat, allowing it to be cured at lower temperatures while still achieving complete curing of the overall coating system

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach results in improved adhesion and appearance by ensuring the basecoat is fully cured before clearcoat application, reducing energy consumption and simplifying the coating process while maintaining high physical and chemical properties.

Implementation Method 1

the basecoat layer is formed by depositing a polyhydrazide-containing curable aqueous composition

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectDehydration:

Implementation Method 2

the basecoat composition that cures through the dehydration step resulting in a high degree of cure

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCuring:

Implementation Method 3

polymeric particles prepared from the polymerization of a mixture of ethylenically unsaturated monomer compounds

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPolymerization: Photopolymerisation

Data Source

PatentEP2961539B1Methods and compositions for coating substrates
Publication Date: 2021.05.19 PPG INDUSTRIES OHIO INC
  • EP2961539B1 patent drawingFigure 1

AI summary

A method for applying a multilayer coating comprising a basecoat and a clearcoat is disclosed. The basecoat is a curable aqueous composition comprising (1) polymeric particles prepared from ethylenically unsaturated compounds including a multi-ethylenically unsaturated monomer and a keto or aldo-functional monomer, and (2) a polyhydrazide.