Decontamination Bath Heater With Air-Gap Insulation and Heat Venting
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing electrical heating devices for decontamination baths in nuclear power reactors face issues such as complexity, high material consumption, risk of short-circuit, and inability to remove excessive heat, particularly due to the use of hygroscopic materials and ceramic insulators, which complicate installation, repair, and decontamination processes.
Innovation Solution
An electrical heating device with a vertical design featuring a sealed heater made of high resistivity wire and coaxial metal screens with air gaps, supplemented by a protective metal shell and sealed connectors, allowing for efficient thermal insulation and safe operation by preventing solution ingress and enabling excessive heat removal through air circulation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Temperature
If hygroscopic materials and ceramic insulators are used for thermal insulation, then thermal insulation performance is improved, but device complexity and installation/repair difficulty increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the material parameter from hygroscopic/ceramic insulators to air gap insulation, fundamentally altering the thermal insulation mechanism while reducing structural complexity
Solution Approach 2:
The patent extracts the solid insulation materials and replaces them with an air gap, removing the problematic hygroscopic and ceramic materials while maintaining thermal insulation functionality
2Temperature
If traditional heating devices are used, then heating function is provided, but excessive heat removal capability is absent
Solution Approach 1:
The heating device is designed to perform multiple functions: heating the decontamination solution and removing excessive heat during the decontamination process, making it adaptable to different operational requirements
3Ease of manufacture
If non-sealed heater design is used, then installation is simpler, but short-circuit risk increases
Solution Approach 1:
The heater is designed with sealed construction that prevents decontaminating solution from reaching the heating element, providing beforehand protection against short-circuits while maintaining installation feasibility
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution enhances reliability, reduces material consumption, simplifies installation and repair, and allows for safe decontamination by preventing short-circuits and excessive heat removal, ensuring personnel safety during the decontamination process.
Implementation Method 1
heater located on the outer surface of the baths and made of wire with high electrical resistivity
Implementation Method 2
the air gap between the heat insulation units and the protective shell in the upper part is closed by a baffle... through holes are made in the upper and lower parts of the side surface of the protective shell... the total area of the through holes is equal to or greater than the cross-sectional area of the air gap
Data Source
Figure 1
AI summary
The device relates to nuclear power, in particular to the electrical equipment of a reactor facility with a Water-Water Energetic Reactor (RF with WWER). In general, the bath electrical heating device for deactivation designed to provide heating of bath deactivation and the deactivating solution in it before deactivation of RF equipment and ensuring the removal of excess heat in the process of deactivation of RF equipment. The technical effect of this invention is to improve reliability, reduce the material consumption of the device and simplification of structure installation and repair. Another technical result is to ensure that the device can be deactivated. The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the bath electrical heating device for deactivation of vertical execution, that contained a heater located on the outer surface of the pipeline from a wire with high electric resistance with current leads and couplings and thermal insulation blocks, the device is proposed to perform at least from three heat insulation blocks in the form of coaxial metal screens, installed with an air gap from the heater, the heater with current leads must be made in hermetic perform, each heat insulation blocks supplemented with an air-gap coaxial metal protective casing, the air gap of which in the upper part is covered with a cap with a visor whose diameter exceeds the external diameter of the protective casing, wherein solid cover of the upper protective casing install a sealed coupling, in addition, in the upper and lower part of the side surface of the protective casing make through holes, the total area of which should be equal to or greater than the area of the air gap between the outer screen and protective casing.