Battery Abnormality Detection Circuit Using Voltage and Current Monitoring
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Solution Overview
Problem
Lithium-ion batteries face safety hazards due to internal short circuits caused by damage to the isolation membrane, leading to potential fires and explosions, which are difficult to monitor effectively.
Innovation Solution
A device comprising a voltage-sudden-change detecting circuit, a current detecting circuit, and an abnormality detecting unit that identifies battery abnormalities by detecting sudden changes in voltage and consumption current, sending state information to a controller to prevent safety hazards.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Duration of action of moving object
If a Lithium-ion battery is used to increase capacity and energy density, then the battery can provide higher power and longer duration, but the safety risk increases due to potential internal short circuits and heat generation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements preliminary detection of battery abnormalities by monitoring voltage sudden changes and current consumption patterns before thermal runaway occurs. The detection circuit identifies early signs of isolation membrane damage through electrical parameter anomalies, enabling preventive action before the battery reaches a dangerous state.
2Temperature
If the isolation membrane is damaged causing internal short circuit, then heat is generated inside the battery cell, but this leads to fire and explosion hazards that are difficult to monitor
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses voltage sudden change and current consumption as intermediary indicators to detect isolation membrane damage. Instead of directly measuring temperature or physical damage, the detection circuit monitors electrical parameters that change in response to membrane integrity, providing an indirect but effective means of detection.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces direct thermal or mechanical detection methods with electrical measurement systems. By using voltage and current sensing circuits, the system substitutes complex thermal imaging or physical inspection with simple electrical parameter monitoring to detect battery abnormalities.
3Measurement precision
If a voltage sudden change detection circuit and current detection circuit are added to monitor battery safety, then detection accuracy improves, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines voltage sudden change detection and current consumption detection into a unified battery safety monitoring system. Both detection functions share common signal processing and control logic, reducing overall system complexity while maintaining high detection accuracy through multiple parameter monitoring.
Data Source
AI summary
A device for detecting battery abnormality, a battery system, and a terminal device are provided. The device includes a voltage-sudden-change detecting circuit, a current detecting circuit, and an abnormality detecting unit. The voltage-sudden-change detecting circuit is configured to detect whether a sudden change in voltage has occurred to a battery and output a sudden-change signal when the sudden change in voltage has occurred. The current detecting circuit is configured to detect a consumption current of the battery and output a small-current signal when the consumption current of the battery is smaller than a preset current threshold. The abnormality detecting unit is coupled with the voltage-sudden-change detecting circuit and the current detecting circuit, and configured to determine that the battery is abnormal upon reception of the sudden-change signal and the small-current signal, store state information on battery abnormality, and send the state information to a controller of a terminal device.