Battery State Estimation with Dual-Calculator Aging Model Updates
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current battery management systems (BMS) face challenges in accurately estimating battery state, particularly in harsh environments due to the limitations of existing algorithms and hardware, which affects the safe and extended use of batteries in devices like smartphones and electric vehicles.
Innovation Solution
The proposed solution involves a dual-calculator system where a first calculator preprocesses sensing data using a simpler battery model and transmits it to a second calculator, which uses a more complex battery model to estimate aging states, update parameters, and generate look-up tables for optimal charging control, distributing processing tasks to manage battery health effectively.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If a complex and high-precision BMS algorithm (e.g., electrochemical model) is implemented to enhance BMS functions, then battery state estimation accuracy is improved, but device complexity and hardware requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the BMS system into two separate calculators: a first calculator that executes a simple battery model for real-time state information estimation, and a second calculator that executes a complex electrochemical model for aging state determination. This segmentation allows the complex algorithm to be isolated in a dedicated processing unit, improving overall system accuracy without burdening the main processor with excessive computational complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a first calculator as an intermediary component between the sensor and the second calculator. This first calculator preprocesses sensing data using a simplified battery model, transforming raw sensor data into preprocessed data that is then fed to the second calculator. This intermediary layer reduces the computational burden on the second calculator while maintaining high estimation accuracy.
2Measurement precision
If a complex electrochemical model is used for accurate battery state estimation, then measurement precision is improved, but processing time and computational resources increase
Solution Approach 1:
The first calculator performs preliminary processing of battery state information using a simple battery model before the data reaches the second calculator. By pre-calculating basic state information and preprocessing sensing data, the system reduces the computational workload required by the complex electrochemical model in the second calculator, thereby decreasing overall processing time while maintaining accuracy.
Solution Approach 2:
The system applies partial action by having the first calculator handle routine state estimation tasks using a simplified model, reserving the computationally intensive electrochemical model in the second calculator only for aging state determination and parameter updates. This partial application of the complex model reduces processing time while maintaining necessary accuracy for critical functions.
3Ease of manufacture
If existing hardware constraints are considered, then ease of manufacture is improved, but battery state estimation accuracy deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the computational tasks between two calculators with different processing capabilities. The first calculator uses a simple battery model that can be implemented on resource-constrained hardware, ensuring ease of manufacture and broad hardware compatibility. The second calculator handles the complex electrochemical model, allowing the system to achieve high accuracy without requiring all components to be high-spec, thus maintaining ease of manufacture.
Solution Approach 2:
The system dynamically adjusts model parameters based on aging state. The second calculator determines aging state and updates parameters of the first battery model, allowing the simple model to adapt its behavior to match the complex model's accuracy across different battery conditions. This parameter adaptation enables accurate estimation on existing hardware without requiring hardware upgrades.
Data Source
AI summary
An electronic apparatus includes: a battery; a first calculator configured to obtain sensing data of the battery using a sensor, determine first state information of the battery using the obtained sensing data and a first battery model, and preprocess the obtained sensing data; and a second calculator configured to receive the preprocessed sensing data from the first calculator, determine an aging state of the battery using a second battery model and the received sensing data, update a parameter of the first battery model based on the determined aging state, and transmit the updated parameter to the first calculator.