Battery Cluster Balancing With Switchable DC-DC Converter Bypass
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Solution Overview
Problem
Traditional battery management systems with directly connected DC-DC converters result in high power consumption and limited control adaptability due to continuous operation of converters and reliance on a single main controller for control policies.
Innovation Solution
Implementing a battery system with parallel battery clusters, where DC-DC converters are connected in series with bypass switches and operate under a primary-secondary control mode, allowing flexible control based on battery status information to reduce power consumption and enhance inter-cluster balancing.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If DC-DC converters are directly connected in series with battery clusters and kept in continuous operation, then inter-cluster balancing control is achieved, but system power consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies dynamics by making the DC-DC converter operation state changeable rather than fixed. The converter can dynamically switch between working state (when voltage difference exceeds threshold) and bypass state (when voltage difference is within threshold), allowing the system to adapt its power consumption level based on actual balancing needs while maintaining control capability when required
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements periodic action through threshold-based control where the DC-DC converter operates intermittently rather than continuously. The converter is activated periodically when voltage differences exceed the preset threshold and deactivated when voltages are balanced, creating a cyclic on-off pattern that maintains balancing control while reducing overall power consumption during steady-state operation
2Device complexity
If a single main controller manages all DC-DC converters, then system structure is simplified, but control adaptability and flexibility are limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies segmentation by dividing the centralized control function into distributed intelligent units. Each DC-DC converter is equipped with independent control capabilities and can autonomously make decisions based on local voltage measurements, segmenting the monolithic controller into multiple autonomous agents that collectively achieve system-wide balancing with enhanced adaptability
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements self-service through autonomous control where each DC-DC converter independently monitors its own operating state, compares voltages, and decides whether to activate or bypass based on preset thresholds without requiring continuous external control commands, thereby reducing communication overhead while maintaining flexible adaptive control
Data Source
AI summary
A battery system includes parallel battery clusters each including a battery pack; DC-DC converters in one-to-one correspondence with the battery clusters, including a primary DC-DC converter, with output terminals connected in series with the corresponding battery clusters, and each with an input terminal configured to be electrically connected to a power source; bypass switches in one-to-one correspondence with the DC-DC converters. The output terminals of the DC-DC converters are connected in parallel with the corresponding bypass switches. The battery system further includes a battery status information collection unit configured to collect battery status information of each battery cluster and send the battery status information of each battery cluster to the primary DC-DC converter. The primary DC-DC converter is configured to control each DC-DC converter and each bypass switch based on the battery status information of each battery cluster.