Battery Box Vent Ducting for Fire-Safe Multi-Layer Stacking
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current battery box structures limit installation density due to the risk of fire spreading when flammable gases and flames are discharged from a deflagration panel, preventing multi-layer stacking without spreading flames to adjacent enclosures.
Innovation Solution
A battery box design with a duct structure and check valve system that discharges flammable gases and flames externally while preventing their spread to adjacent enclosures, incorporating a fire detection sensor and communication device for controlling check valves to block incoming gases and flames.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If flammable gases are discharged through a deflagration panel, then fire safety is improved, but flames may spread to adjacent enclosures preventing multi-layer stacking
Solution Approach 1:
A duct structure is introduced as an intermediary component between the deflagration panel and the external environment. The duct directs the discharge path of flammable gases and flames away from adjacent enclosures, allowing the deflagration panel to maintain its fire safety function while preventing flame spread to neighboring units, thus enabling multi-layer stacking.
Solution Approach 2:
The discharge path is segmented into a controlled duct structure rather than direct open discharge. This segmentation allows the system to maintain fire safety by containing and directing the flame path through the duct, while the structured discharge enables safe multi-layer stacking by preventing uncontrolled flame spread.
2Reliability
If check valves are installed in ducts to block incoming gases, then fire spread prevention is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The check valve is designed to operate automatically based on pressure differential without requiring external control systems. When pressure from incoming flammable gases exceeds a certain threshold, the check valve automatically closes to block the flow, and reopens when pressure equalizes. This self-service mechanism maintains fire spread prevention while avoiding the complexity of active control systems.
Solution Approach 2:
The control function is extracted from the main system by using a passive check valve that operates autonomously based on pressure conditions. This removes the need for complex active control systems, sensors, and power supplies, maintaining fire spread prevention through a simple mechanical device.
3Productivity
If multi-layer stacking is implemented, then installation density is improved, but fire spread risk between layers increases
Solution Approach 1:
The duct structure with integrated check valve acts as an intermediary barrier between stacked enclosures. It allows each enclosure to maintain its fire discharge capability while the check valve prevents fire spread from lower to upper layers, enabling safe multi-layer stacking that increases installation density without compromising safety.
Solution Approach 2:
The potential harm of fire spread between stacked layers is converted into a benefit by using the pressure differential created during fire events to automatically activate check valves. The harmful pressure buildup that could force flame spread is instead utilized to trigger the protective valve closure, preventing fire spread while maintaining the multi-layer stacking configuration.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables multi-layer stacking, increasing installation density and reducing fire spread risk, thereby minimizing explosion risk and enhancing fire safety.
Implementation Method 1
when the flammable gas is generated in the first enclosure and pressure inside the first enclosure increases to a value greater than or equal to a threshold pressure
Implementation Method 2
a deflagration panel which is disposed on the first enclosure and which is configured to rupture to allow flammable gas generated within the first enclosure to be discharged upward
Implementation Method 3
The check valve may block a second flammable gas flowing in from the second duct from flowing into the first enclosure
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure relates to a battery box having a structure that provides fire safety and enables multi-layer stacking. The battery box according to the present disclosure includes a first enclosure configured to accommodate a plurality of battery modules therein, a deflagration panel configured to rupture to allow flammable to be discharged from the first enclosure, when the flammable gas is generated in the first enclosure and pressure inside the first enclosure increases to a value greater than or equal to a threshold pressure, a first duct which has a lower end connected to the deflagration panel and an upper end connected to an exhaust port spaced a distance apart from the battery box and which guides the flammable gas discharged from the deflagration panel to the exhaust port, and a stacking support positioned on the first enclosure and configured to support a second enclosure stacked on the first enclosure.