Battery Cell Carrying Box With Flame Venting and Heat Isolation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing battery cell carrying boxes are prone to thermal runaway explosions due to the propagation of heat and flames from a burning cell to adjacent cells, as they lack effective structures to delay or block the burning process.
Innovation Solution
The battery cell carrying box features a container-type case with a flame discharge port and integrated heat insulation and fire extinguishing members, including mica or glass fiber for heat insulation and temperature-activated fire extinguishing capsules, to prevent flame propagation and contain heat.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a conventional plastic carrying box is used to house battery cells, then the box provides basic containment and protection, but it cannot delay or block the propagation of heat and flames from a burning cell to surrounding cells, leading to thermal runaway explosion
Solution Approach 1:
The carrying box is divided into multiple independent compartments separated by partition walls. Each compartment contains battery cells and is equipped with its own flame discharge port. This segmentation prevents fire from spreading between compartments, isolating thermal runaway events to individual cells or small groups of cells rather than allowing box-wide propagation.
Solution Approach 2:
Heat insulation members are introduced as intermediary materials between the battery cells and the box walls, and between adjacent compartments. These insulating layers act as thermal barriers that delay heat transfer, buying critical time for fire suppression systems to activate and preventing immediate ignition of surrounding cells.
Solution Approach 3:
Flame discharge ports are created to extract and vent flames and hot gases from the enclosed compartment to the external environment. By providing a controlled escape path for combustion products, the system prevents pressure buildup and reduces the intensity of internal burning, thereby limiting heat propagation to adjacent compartments.
2Productivity
If battery cells are densely packed in the carrying box to maximize transportation efficiency, then space utilization improves, but the risk of heat and flame propagation to adjacent cells increases
Solution Approach 1:
The box is segmented into multiple compartments with partition walls that create physical separation between densely packed battery cells. This allows high-density packing within each compartment while preventing fire spread between compartments, thus maintaining transportation efficiency without proportionally increasing thermal runaway risk.
Solution Approach 2:
Heat insulation members are placed between adjacent battery cells and compartments, serving as thermal mediators that block heat transfer pathways. This enables closer spacing of cells for efficient packing while the insulating layers prevent thermal coupling between cells, maintaining both productivity and safety.
3Strength
If expanded polystyrene pads are used for shock absorption between trays, then protection against mechanical shock improves, but these pads may contribute to fire propagation as they are combustible materials
Solution Approach 1:
The material properties of the cushioning elements are changed from combustible expanded polystyrene to fire-resistant materials that maintain shock absorption capabilities while resisting ignition and limiting fire propagation. This parameter change in material composition eliminates the fire hazard while preserving the mechanical protection function.
Solution Approach 2:
Fire-resistant cushioning materials serve as intermediary elements between trays that provide both mechanical shock absorption and thermal barrier functions. These materials mediate between the need for physical protection and fire safety, replacing purely mechanical cushioning with multi-functional protective elements.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution effectively prevents thermal runaway explosions by directing flames out through designated ports and insulating heat, thereby preventing the spread of fire and heat to adjacent cells, ensuring safer transportation and storage of battery cells.
Implementation Method 1
a flame discharge port is formed in a side wall of the case, the flame discharge port penetrating through an inner portion and an outer portion of the side wall
Implementation Method 2
heat insulation members formed of a heat insulation material that blocks heat transfer may be formed on inner side wall surfaces that form the housing space
Implementation Method 3
fire extinguishing members that discharge a fire extinguishing medium at a specific temperature or higher may be coated on inner side wall surfaces that form the housing space
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to a battery cell carrying box in which battery cells are housed and which has a flame discharge port to discharge a flame when a certain battery cell housed in the carrying box burns, such that it is possible to prevent the flame from being propagated to adjacent battery cells and prevent the flame from being propagated to adjacent carrying boxes.