Battery Box Venting Structure for Thermal Runaway Emissions
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing battery technologies face challenges in ensuring safety, particularly during thermal runaway events, as emissions from pressure relief mechanisms can directly impact the electrical components and external environment, leading to potential fires and further thermal runaway.
Innovation Solution
A battery box design with a thermal management component that isolates electrical and collection chambers, featuring pressure relief regions and balance mechanisms to divert emissions away from electrical components, extending discharge paths and reducing emission temperatures.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If emissions are discharged directly from the battery cell, then the pressure relief mechanism functions effectively, but the emissions can cause electrical short-circuits and fires
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a thermal management component as an intermediary between the battery cell and the electrical chamber. This component includes a collection chamber that receives emissions from the pressure relief mechanism and a pressure relief region that directs emissions away from electrical components. The thermal management component thus mediates the harmful interaction between emissions and electrical components, preventing short-circuits while maintaining pressure relief functionality.
2Device complexity
If emissions are discharged directly, then the pressure relief mechanism operates simply, but the emissions have high temperature and can cause fires
Solution Approach 1:
The thermal management component serves as a mediator that extends the discharge path of emissions. The collection chamber and pressure relief region work together to lengthen the trajectory of emissions from the battery cell to the external environment. This extended path allows for natural cooling of the emissions, reducing their temperature and fire risk while maintaining the simplicity of the pressure relief mechanism.
3Reliability
If the electrical chamber and collection chamber are isolated, then electrical components are protected from emissions, but the device structure becomes more complex
Solution Approach 1:
The thermal management component performs multiple functions simultaneously: it serves as both a thermal management system for the battery cells and a collection/discharge system for emissions from the pressure relief mechanism. By integrating these functions into a single component, the patent achieves electrical component protection without proportionally increasing device complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent merges the thermal management function and the emission collection function into a single integrated component. The thermal management component includes both the collection chamber for receiving emissions and the pressure relief region for directing emissions away from electrical components, thereby combining multiple safety functions into one structure.
4Temperature
If emissions are discharged through a longer path, then the temperature of emissions is reduced, but the device structure becomes more complex
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines the emission collection function and the extended discharge path function into a single thermal management component. The collection chamber and pressure relief region are integrated into this component, allowing the emissions to travel through an extended path for cooling without requiring separate, additional structures for each function.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enhances safety by preventing electrical short-circuits and reducing emission temperatures, thereby minimizing the risk of fires and further thermal events, while maintaining the integrity of the battery system.
Implementation Method 1
a thermal management component, configured to accommodate a fluid to adjust the temperature of the plurality of battery cells
Implementation Method 2
the pressure relief mechanism is configured to be actuated when an internal pressure or a temperature of the battery cell provided with the pressure relief mechanism reaches a threshold value, to relieve the internal pressure
Implementation Method 3
the thermal management component is configured to isolate the electrical chamber from the collection chamber
Implementation Method 4
the emissions collected by the collection chamber is discharged through the pressure relief region, which can extend the discharging path of the emissions, effectively reduce the temperature of the emissions
Data Source
AI summary
Embodiments of a box of a battery, a battery, a power consumption device, and a method and device for producing a battery are provided. The box of the battery includes: an electrical chamber; a thermal management component; and a collection chamber, configured to collect emissions from the battery cell provided with the pressure relief mechanism when the pressure relief mechanism is actuated; wherein the thermal management component is configured to isolate the electrical chamber from the collection chamber, a pressure relief region is disposed on the thermal management component, and the emissions collected by the collection chamber is discharged through the pressure relief region. According to the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the safety of the battery can be enhanced.