Battery Bus Member Fusing Layout to Limit Arc Energy
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Solution Overview
Problem
Lithium-ion batteries face safety concerns due to the risk of short circuits, which can lead to high temperatures, fires, or explosions, primarily because the fusing time of bus members is too long, allowing arc energy to accumulate and cause damage.
Innovation Solution
The bus member is designed with a plurality of fusing portions, where the minimum and maximum overcurrent cross-sectional areas satisfy the ratio 0.3≤Smin/Smax≤1, ensuring a short fusing time and minimizing arc damage by reducing the duration of short circuits.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the bus member uses a single fusing portion with large cross-sectional area, then the current carrying capacity is high, but the fusing time is too long allowing arc energy to accumulate and cause damage
Solution Approach 1:
The bus member is divided into multiple fusing portions (at least two) with different overcurrent cross-sectional areas instead of using a single uniform fusing portion. This segmentation allows different portions to fuse at different times, creating a controlled fusing sequence that reduces overall fusing time and prevents arc energy accumulation while maintaining adequate current carrying capacity through the combined cross-sectional areas of all fusing portions.
2Duration of action of moving object
If multiple fusing portions with different cross-sectional areas are used, then the fusing time is shortened, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
Different portions of the bus member are given different local properties (different cross-sectional areas) to achieve different fusing characteristics. The fusing portions have varying cross-sectional areas optimized for their specific fusing sequences, while the connection portions maintain uniform properties for stable electrical connection. This local differentiation allows precise control of fusing time without requiring complete redesign of the entire bus member structure.
3Duration of action of moving object
If the fusing portions have very different cross-sectional areas, then the fusing time difference is minimized, but the current carrying capacity becomes uneven
Solution Approach 1:
The cross-sectional area parameter of the fusing portions is optimized within a specific range (0.3≤Smin/Smax≤1) to balance two competing requirements: enough variation to create distinct fusing sequences and reduce fusing time, but not so much variation that current carrying capacity becomes excessively uneven. This parameter optimization ensures that while smaller portions fuse first to break the circuit, the larger portions can still handle the full current load during normal operation, maintaining adequate current carrying capacity distribution.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration significantly shortens the fusing time of the bus member, reducing the duration of short circuits and preventing arc energy accumulation, thereby enhancing the safety performance of the battery and reducing the risk of thermal runaway.
Implementation Method 1
when a current flowing through the bus member exceeds a threshold, a time difference between fusing start and fusing end of all the fusing portions is small, that is, fusing time of the bus member is short
Implementation Method 2
avoiding accumulation of arc energy of the fusing portions during fusing due to a long-duration short circuit, and reducing arc damage caused during fusing
Data Source
AI summary
The present application provides a bus member, a battery and a power consumption device, and relates to the technical field of batteries. The bus member includes a first connection portion configured to be connected to a first electrode terminal of a first battery cell; a second connection portion configured to be connected to a second electrode terminal of a second battery cell; and a plurality of fusing portions, one end of each fusing portion being connected to the first connection portion, and the other end being connected to the second connection portion; where an overcurrent cross-sectional area corresponding to one of the plurality of fusing portions with a maximum is expressed as Smax, and with a minimum is expressed as Smin, Smin and Smax satisfy: 0.3≤Smin/Smax≤1 and 0.3≤Smin/Smax≤1, thus avoiding accumulation of arc energy of the fusing portions due to a long-duration short circuit.