Battery Cabinet Pressure Relief and Liquid Flooding for Fire Containment
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Solution Overview
Problem
Battery energy storage systems face risks of fire due to high-temperature chemical reactions from short circuits, which can damage adjacent equipment and lead to accidents, as conventional fire extinguishing methods are ineffective in isolating oxygen and may not completely extinguish battery fires.
Innovation Solution
An energy storage apparatus with a fire extinguishing system that includes a cabinet body capable of withstanding high temperatures and a liquid injection device to flood the battery system with a fire extinguishing liquid, along with a pressure relief valve and integrated energy management system to transfer energy and reduce fire risk.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional fire extinguishing methods are used, then the system attempts to extinguish fire, but the methods are ineffective in isolating oxygen and may not completely extinguish battery fires
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a fire extinguishing system that floods the battery system with fire extinguishing liquid to displace oxygen and create an inert environment, preventing combustion by isolating oxygen from the battery elements. This directly addresses the limitation of conventional methods that fail to effectively isolate oxygen.
2Reliability
If a liquid injection device is used to flood the battery system, then fire extinguishing effectiveness is improved, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The fire extinguishing system is designed to operate independently with automatic detection and response capabilities. The system includes sensors that detect fire conditions and automatically trigger the liquid injection device to flood the battery system, eliminating the need for manual intervention and reducing operational complexity while maintaining high effectiveness.
3Reliability
If the cabinet body is designed to withstand high temperatures and high compressive strength, then the safety and containment capability are improved, but the weight and material requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The cabinet body is constructed using composite materials that provide both high temperature resistance and high compressive strength while managing weight. The composite structure allows the cabinet to withstand flames at temperatures equal to or greater than 150°C and maintain compressive strength greater than 60 MPa, achieving the required safety performance with optimized material properties.
4Object-affected harmful factors
If a pressure relief valve is added to release pressure when exceeding threshold, then the risk of explosion is reduced, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The pressure relief valve is designed as an automatic safety device that monitors pressure levels within the cabinet body and automatically opens to release pressure when the threshold is exceeded. This self-activating mechanism reduces explosion risk without requiring complex control systems or manual intervention, maintaining simplicity while enhancing safety.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system effectively extinguishes battery fires by flooding the battery system with liquid, reducing the risk of fire spread and damage, and can operate independently to prevent large-scale incidents, enhancing safety in energy storage applications.
Implementation Method 1
The liquid injection device is configured to inject liquid into the accommodating space of the cabinet body to flood the at least one battery system for fire extinguishing
Implementation Method 2
The cabinet body further includes a pressure relief valve. The pressure relief valve is configured to be opened when a pressure in the accommodating space is greater than a threshold
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure provides an energy storage apparatus with a pressure relief mechanism and a pressure relief method of the energy storage apparatus. The energy storage apparatus includes an energy storage cabinet and a pressure relief mechanism. The energy storage cabinet has an accommodating space for accommodating at least one battery system. The pressure relief mechanism is configured to discharge a gas or a liquid in the accommodating space out of the energy storage cabinet through the pressure relief mechanism when a pressure within the accommodating space is greater than a threshold value.