Battery Cap Plate Vent Layout for Safer Pressure Relief
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Solution Overview
Problem
Rechargeable batteries face challenges in effectively managing internal pressure increases due to abnormal phenomena, leading to potential explosions and secondary damage from high-temperature gases, especially when multiple cells are connected in a module.
Innovation Solution
The design incorporates a cap plate with multiple vent portions, each featuring a break portion and a no-break portion, where gas discharge directions are strategically set to avoid electrode terminals, and a central vent line collects and directs gas discharge, minimizing terminal deterioration and optimizing module design.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a vent portion is provided to discharge gas from the case, then internal pressure increase is prevented, but high-temperature gas may cause secondary damage to electrode terminals
Solution Approach 1:
A gas discharge hole is provided in the cap plate at a position away from the electrode terminal, serving as an intermediary discharge path. The gas discharge hole is positioned at a distance of 0.5mm to 5mm from the electrode terminal, allowing gas to be discharged away from the terminal and preventing direct contact between high-temperature gas and the electrode terminal, thus avoiding secondary damage while maintaining safety pressure relief
2Productivity
If multiple vent portions are provided to effectively discharge gas, then gas discharge efficiency is improved, but the risk of gas contacting electrode terminals increases
Solution Approach 1:
The vent portion is segmented into multiple functional elements: a through hole in the cap plate for gas discharge, and a gas discharge hole positioned away from the electrode terminal. This segmentation allows the system to achieve both effective gas discharge and protection of the electrode terminal by separating the discharge function from the terminal area
3Device complexity
If the vent portion is positioned close to the electrode terminal for compact design, then device complexity is reduced, but electrode terminal deterioration occurs
Solution Approach 1:
The cap plate is designed with different functional zones: the through hole is positioned away from the electrode terminal by 0.5mm to 5mm, creating a local quality difference where the discharge function is separated from the terminal area. This local differentiation protects the electrode terminal from high-temperature gas while maintaining overall structural simplicity
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration effectively manages internal pressure, prevents explosions, and reduces secondary damage by efficiently discharging gases away from electrode terminals, enhancing safety and module design efficiency.
Implementation Method 1
a break portion in which a first notch that is ruptured by an internal pressure is formed
Data Source
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3(a)~3(b)
AI summary
The present invention discloses a rechargeable battery (100) and a battery module (200). A rechargeable battery (100) according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes: an electrode assembly (120) that includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and a separator; a case (110) where the electrode assembly (120) is accommodated, and including one opened side; and a cap plate (115) that is combined to the one opened side of the case (110), and includes a plurality of vent portions (160) that are ruptured by an internal pressure of the case (110), wherein the plurality of vent portions (160) are arranged along a length direction of the cap plate (115).