Battery Cell Casing Vent Structure for Rapid Pressure Relief
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Solution Overview
Problem
The existing battery shells have small pressure relief openings due to scores, which are not effective in quickly discharging gas, leading to potential explosions and safety risks.
Innovation Solution
A shell design with a first score and a second score on the same wall, where the second score is located on one side of the first score, and the thicknesses differ, allowing the shell to crack at the first score and fold at the second score, forming a larger opening for gas discharge.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-affected harmful factors
If a single score is provided on the battery shell, then the shell can crack to release pressure, but the opening formed is relatively small which is not conducive to discharging gas
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the single score into two separate scores (first score and second score) on the same wall of the shell. The first score has a smaller thickness to initiate cracking, while the second score has a larger thickness to serve as a folding hinge. This segmentation creates a two-stage pressure relief mechanism that forms a larger opening for gas discharge, directly resolving the contradiction between pressure relief capability and gas discharge efficiency.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes the thickness dimension of the shell wall to create different functional zones. By varying the thickness at different scores (first thickness H1 < second thickness H2), the design transforms a two-dimensional surface feature into a three-dimensional structural solution. This dimensional change enables the shell to crack at the thinner first score and fold at the thicker second score, creating a larger pressure relief opening that improves gas discharge efficiency.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If the shell thickness is reduced to facilitate cracking, then pressure relief is improved, but the shell strength is reduced increasing explosion risk
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by creating different thicknesses at different locations of the shell wall. The first score has a reduced thickness (first thickness H1) to facilitate cracking and pressure relief, while the second score maintains a larger thickness (second thickness H2) to preserve shell strength and serve as a folding hinge. This localized variation in thickness allows the shell to be weak where needed for pressure relief and strong where needed for structural integrity, resolving the contradiction between pressure relief and shell strength.
Data Source
AI summary
A casing, a battery cell, a battery and an electric device. A first notch and a second notch are formed on the same wall of the casing, the second notch is located on one side of the first notch in the direction of width, the projections of the first notch and the second notch in the direction of thickness of the casing are spaced apart from each other, and the thickness of the casing at the first notch is less than the thickness of the casing at the second notch. When the pressure inside the casing is extremely large, the casing can preferentially crack at the first notch and is folded at the second notch to form an opening for pressure relief, thereby reducing the risk of explosion of the battery cell.