Battery Cell Diagnosis Using Differential Voltage and Temperature
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing battery management systems (BMS) face challenges in efficiently diagnosing and managing the state of battery cells, leading to delayed diagnosis and reduced accuracy, which can increase the risk of accidents.
Innovation Solution
An apparatus and method that include a sensing device to detect temperature and voltage, and a processor to calculate differential values of these parameters. The processor uses threshold values and specific equations to diagnose abnormal battery cells, limit charging power, and perform cell balancing, thereby enhancing diagnostic speed and accuracy.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If traditional battery management systems monitor voltage and temperature using conventional methods, then the system structure remains simple, but the diagnostic time is delayed and determination accuracy deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent calculates differential values (dV/dt and dT/dt) in advance and establishes threshold values for abnormal cell detection before actual faults occur. This preliminary preparation enables immediate diagnosis when abnormalities happen, reducing diagnostic time while maintaining high accuracy through pre-computed reference values.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces conventional threshold-based monitoring with a differential value-based diagnostic system that uses rate of change (dV/dt, dT/dt) instead of absolute values. This substitution enables more sensitive and accurate detection of abnormal cells by capturing dynamic changes, thereby improving determination accuracy and reducing diagnostic time.
2Reliability
If the battery management system performs comprehensive monitoring of all battery cells, then the accuracy of detecting abnormal cells improves, but the complexity of the system increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and focuses on specific differential value parameters (dV/dt and dT/dt) as key indicators for abnormal cell detection, rather than monitoring all possible battery parameters. This extraction approach maintains high detection reliability by concentrating on the most informative metrics while reducing system complexity through selective monitoring.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transforms the monitoring approach by changing from absolute value monitoring to differential value monitoring (rate of change). This parameter transformation enables more reliable abnormal cell detection through dynamic analysis while keeping the system relatively simple by using straightforward mathematical derivatives of existing sensor data.
3Measurement precision
If the battery management system uses simple threshold comparison for cell monitoring, then the ease of operation is maintained, but the accuracy of abnormal cell diagnosis is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces simple absolute threshold comparison with differential value-based threshold comparison (dV/dt and dT/dt thresholds). This substitution improves diagnosis accuracy by capturing dynamic changes while maintaining operational simplicity through straightforward threshold comparison logic, making the system both accurate and easy to operate.
4Reliability
If the battery management system monitors only absolute voltage and temperature values, then the device complexity remains low, but the ability to detect early signs of battery abnormalities is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces static absolute value monitoring with dynamic differential value monitoring (rate of change). This substitution enables early detection of battery abnormalities by capturing transient changes before they become significant, improving reliability while maintaining relatively low system complexity through efficient use of existing sensor data.
Data Source
AI summary
An apparatus for diagnosing and managing a state of a battery includes a sensing device configured to detect a temperature and a voltage of the battery; and a processor configured to calculate a cell delta voltage based on at least one of the temperature or the voltage of the battery, to calculate a differential value of the temperature, the voltage, or the cell delta voltage, to diagnose an abnormal battery cell or to limit battery charging power based on a threshold value and the differential value.