Battery Cell Insulation Board for Thermal Runaway Containment
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Solution Overview
Problem
The spread of thermal runaway in batteries poses significant safety hazards, and existing heat insulation boards lacking structural strength deform and reduce their heat insulation effect when pressed between battery cells.
Innovation Solution
A heat insulation board with a polymer matrix composite fiber board is placed between adjacent battery cells, providing high-temperature resistance and structural strength to prevent the spread of thermal runaway, comprising a fiber-reinforced resin composite board with a 'sandwich' structure and specific dimensions to maintain effectiveness and energy density.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If aerogel felt or boards having no structural strength are used as heat insulation boards, then heat insulation effect is provided, but the boards deform and become thinner when pressed between battery cells, greatly reducing heat insulation effect
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs composite materials by combining aerogel particles (excellent heat insulation properties) with a polymer matrix material (provides structural strength). This composite structure allows the heat insulation board to maintain both high heat insulation performance and sufficient mechanical strength to resist deformation under compression between battery cells.
2Reliability
If heat insulation board is provided between battery cells, then risk of thermal runaway spread is reduced, but space is occupied reducing energy density
Solution Approach 1:
The patent utilizes porous aerogel particles as the core heat insulation material. Aerogel's extremely low density and high porosity (up to 99% air content) provide exceptional heat insulation performance per unit volume, allowing effective thermal runaway prevention with minimal space occupation, thereby preserving battery energy density.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent optimizes the particle size of aerogel particles (0.1-2.0 mm) and controls the density of the composite board to achieve the best balance between heat insulation performance and space efficiency. By adjusting these parameters, the heat insulation board provides adequate safety while minimizing impact on energy density.
3Reliability
If polymer matrix composite fiber board is used as heat insulation board, then high-temperature resistance and structural strength are provided, but manufacturing complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses a polymer matrix material that can be easily processed and cured to form the composite board. The polymer matrix serves as a binding agent that simplifies manufacturing compared to high-temperature ceramic matrices, allowing for more straightforward production processes while still providing adequate high-temperature resistance for battery safety applications.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution effectively reduces the risk of thermal runaway spread, enhancing battery reliability by maintaining heat insulation and structural integrity even at high temperatures without occupying excessive space, thus ensuring high energy density.
Implementation Method 1
the heat insulation board comprises a first heat insulation layer, and the first heat insulation layer is a polymer matrix composite fiber board
Data Source
AI summary
A battery includes: a plurality of battery cells, the plurality of battery cells comprising a first battery cell and a second battery cell that are adjacent to each other, wherein the first battery cell and the second battery cell are arranged in a first direction; and a heat insulation board, the heat insulation board being provided between the first battery cell and the second battery cell, wherein the heat insulation board comprises a first heat insulation layer, and the first heat insulation layer is a polymer matrix composite fiber board.