Lithium Secondary Battery Cell Layout for Ignition Suppression
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Solution Overview
Problem
Lithium secondary batteries face overheating issues due to heat generated from multiple unit cells, which can lead to ignition, and existing methods do not effectively maintain energy density while ensuring thermal stability.
Innovation Solution
The battery configuration includes a low-capacity unit cell in the middle and high-capacity unit cells in the upper and lower positions, with the low-capacity unit cell having a nickel content less than 60 mol% and the high-capacity unit cell having 60 mol% or more nickel content, or using non-nickel compounds, to manage heat distribution and prevent overheating.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Use of energy by moving object
If high-capacity unit cells with high nickel content are used to increase energy density, then the energy density of the battery is improved, but the thermal stability deteriorates and overheating risk increases
Solution Approach 1:
The electrode assembly is segmented into multiple unit cells with different capacity configurations. Specifically, the battery is divided into a first electrode assembly with high-capacity unit cells and a second electrode assembly with low-capacity unit cells, creating a heterogeneous structure that balances energy density and thermal stability at different locations within the battery pack.
Solution Approach 2:
Different regions of the battery are assigned different quality characteristics. High-capacity unit cells with high nickel content are placed in specific locations to maximize energy density where it is most needed, while low-capacity unit cells are positioned in other regions to provide thermal stability and act as heat buffers, creating a spatially differentiated quality distribution.
2Quantity of substance
If multiple unit cells are stacked to increase capacity, then the energy storage is improved, but the heat generation increases and causes overheating
Solution Approach 1:
Low-capacity unit cells serve as intermediary elements between high-capacity unit cells. These intermediary cells act as thermal buffers that absorb and distribute heat generated by the high-capacity cells, preventing heat accumulation and temperature escalation while allowing the high-capacity cells to maintain their high energy density.
Solution Approach 2:
The battery is segmented into functional zones with high-capacity unit cells arranged in a specific pattern interspersed with low-capacity unit cells. This segmentation creates a thermal management architecture where heat from multiple high-capacity cells is distributed across several low-capacity buffer cells, reducing the temperature rise rate and preventing overheating.
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed herein are a lithium secondary battery with ignition suppression structure and a manufacturing method of the lithium secondary battery. More specifically, provided is a method for suppressing ignition of the lithium secondary battery by locating a high-capacity unit including high-capacity unit cells with a high energy density on the upper part and the lower part of a low-capacity unit including low-capacity unit cells with a relatively low energy density.