Battery Cell Short Circuit Detection Using Voltage and Current Analysis
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing battery cell short circuit detection devices require multiple relays to detect short circuits between all adjacent cells, leading to high device costs.
Innovation Solution
A battery cell short circuit detection device that uses a control unit, acquisition units for storage rate, current, and terminal voltage, and a determination unit to detect short circuits based on average storage rate, inflow current, and terminal voltage, eliminating the need for relays.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If multiple relays are used to detect short circuits between all adjacent battery cells, then detection coverage is improved, but device cost increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the detection function from the power supply system by using a separate detection device that monitors battery cell voltages independently. This allows short circuit detection between all adjacent cells using only n voltage measurement circuits instead of n-1 relays, reducing device complexity while maintaining detection coverage.
Solution Approach 2:
The detection device performs multiple functions: it detects short circuits between all adjacent battery cells, identifies which specific cells are shorted, and provides comprehensive monitoring of the entire battery pack. This universal detection capability replaces the need for individual relays at each cell interface.
2Reliability
If a relay is interposed between battery cells for detection, then short circuit detection is enabled, but device cost increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the mechanical relay system with an electronic detection system using voltage measurement circuits. Instead of physically opening and closing relay contacts to detect short circuits, the system continuously monitors voltage differences between adjacent cells, eliminating the need for mechanical relays and reducing device cost.
Solution Approach 2:
The detection device creates an electrical model of the battery cell connections by measuring voltages at various points. This virtual representation allows the system to detect short circuits through voltage analysis rather than physical intervention, reducing the need for additional hardware components.
Data Source
AI summary
A battery cell short circuit detection device includes: a control unit that controls operation of a direct current-direct current converter; a first acquisition unit that acquires a storage rate of the battery; a second acquisition unit that acquires a current flowing into the battery and a current flowing out of the battery when the direct current-direct current converter is operating; a third acquisition unit that acquires a terminal voltage value that is a voltage that appears at a terminal of the battery when the direct current-direct current converter is not operating; and a determination unit that determines presence or absence of the short circuit between the battery cells based on an average storage rate indicating an average value of the storage rate of the battery, an average inflow current value indicating an average value of the current flowing into the battery, and the terminal voltage value.