Battery Cell Switching via Performance Factor Balancing
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing battery systems face challenges in efficiently managing the switching and balancing of battery cells to maintain optimal output voltage and uniform aging, as existing control algorithms do not effectively account for the state of charge and internal resistance of individual cells.
Innovation Solution
A method where each battery cell is connected or disconnected based on probabilities calculated from its state of charge and internal resistance, with performance factors influencing the connection and disconnection probabilities, ensuring balanced loading and aging across cells.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If existing control algorithms are used for battery cell switching, then the system structure remains simple, but the balancing of battery cells and uniform aging cannot be achieved
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by introducing a performance factor that combines state of charge and internal resistance measurements. This performance factor dynamically adjusts the probability of connecting or disconnecting individual battery cells, enabling balanced aging without complex control logic. The control algorithm remains relatively simple while achieving reliable cell balancing through parameter-based probability adjustment.
2Reliability
If battery cells are switched based on simple control variables, then the control system remains simple, but the state of charge and internal resistance of individual cells are not effectively considered
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by considering individual characteristics of each battery cell through the performance factor. Each cell's state of charge and internal resistance are measured and combined into a cell-specific performance factor, which then determines that cell's connection probability. This localized approach ensures that each cell is managed according to its specific condition rather than applying uniform control to all cells.
3Reliability
If all battery cells are used uniformly, then the system operation is simple, but cells with different states of charge and health age at different rates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies dynamics by implementing a dynamic switching mechanism where the connection probability of each battery cell changes over time based on its performance factor. The system continuously monitors state of charge and internal resistance, updates the performance factor, and adjusts connection probabilities accordingly. This dynamic approach enables uniform aging by adaptively managing which cells are connected at any given moment, rather than using a static uniform allocation.
Data Source
AI summary
A method for the switching of a number of battery cells in a battery which is configured as an electrochemical storage device, wherein each of the battery cells is electrically connected to the battery in accordance with a corresponding first probability P1i, and is electrically disconnected from the battery in accordance with a corresponding second probability P2i, and wherein the battery cells are mutually connectable in series. According to the method, a performance factor Gi is calculated for each battery cell as a sum of a function, which, specifically, is linearly dependent upon a state of charge LZi of the corresponding battery cell, and a second function which, specifically, is linearly dependent upon a product of a current value of a current which flows in the corresponding battery cell when the corresponding battery cell is electrically connected to the battery and the internal resistance of the corresponding battery cell.