Battery Cell Vent Layout for Faster Thermal Runaway Venting
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing battery cells suffer from untimely venting during thermal runaway, leading to poor reliability due to inadequate distribution of vent mechanisms, which hinders efficient discharge of discharge media.
Innovation Solution
The cell design incorporates multiple vent mechanisms along a first direction on the can, dividing the electrode assembly into sub-regions, ensuring each sub-region corresponds to a vent mechanism, facilitating rapid discharge of discharge media during thermal runaway.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If multiple vent mechanisms are arranged along the first direction on the can, then the timeliness of venting is improved and reliability is enhanced, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The electrode assembly is divided into multiple sub-regions along the first direction, with each sub-region corresponding to one vent mechanism. This segmentation ensures that thermal runaway in any sub-region can be independently and timely vented through its corresponding vent mechanism, improving overall cell reliability without requiring complex centralized control systems.
Solution Approach 2:
Each vent mechanism is locally positioned to correspond with specific sub-regions of the electrode assembly. This local quality approach ensures that venting capacity is distributed where needed most, allowing rapid discharge of discharge media from any sub-region while maintaining a relatively simple overall structure.
2Speed
If N vent mechanisms are arranged along the first direction with N≥2, then the discharge medium can be quickly expelled from any sub-region, but the manufacturing complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The can is divided into multiple sections along the first direction, with vent mechanisms arranged at regular intervals corresponding to sub-regions of the electrode assembly. This segmentation allows for modular manufacturing and assembly, where each vent mechanism can be positioned and configured independently, simplifying the overall manufacturing process despite the increased number of components.
Data Source
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AI summary
Embodiments of this application provide a cell, a battery, and an electric device. The cell includes a can and an electrode assembly. The can includes a first wall portion, where N vent mechanisms are arranged along a first direction on the first wall portion. The electrode assembly is accommodated in the can. The electrode assembly includes a body portion and a tab. The body portion includes a plurality of sub-regions. Along the first direction, the tab is arranged at at least one end of the body portion. The plurality of sub-regions are consecutively arranged. A length of the body portion is L, and a length of the sub-region is L1, L=L1×N, L≥400 mm, and N≥2. A projection of each vent mechanism along a thickness direction of the first wall portion is correspondingly located in one of the sub-regions. Each vent mechanism can discharge a discharge medium generated by thermal runaway in a corresponding sub-region, and the discharge medium generated by thermal runaway in each sub-region can be quickly discharged through a corresponding vent mechanism, which can effectively improve timeliness of venting of a cell, thereby improving reliability of the cell.