Battery Cell Venting Structure for Low-Resistance Gas Discharge
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing battery cells face a risk of explosion during thermal runaway due to difficulty in forming a smooth flow channel for gas discharge, leading to high airflow resistance and increased explosion risk.
Innovation Solution
A battery cell design featuring a protruding structure on the housing wall that creates a flow channel between the bare cell and the wall surface, allowing gas to smoothly discharge through a pressure relief structure, reducing airflow resistance and explosion risk.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Volume of moving object
If the bare cell is placed close to the housing wall to maximize space utilization, then space utilization is improved, but airflow resistance increases and gas discharge becomes difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a protruding structure that extends from the housing wall into the accommodating cavity, creating a three-dimensional flow channel. This dimensional addition allows gas to flow along the wall surface rather than through a narrow gap, reducing airflow resistance while maintaining compact space utilization.
Solution Approach 2:
The protruding structure acts as an intermediary element between the bare cell and the housing wall. It creates a controlled flow channel that mediates gas discharge, allowing smooth airflow while maintaining close proximity between the cell and wall for space efficiency.
2Ease of operation
If a flow channel is created by adding a protruding structure, then gas discharge smoothness is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The protruding structure serves multiple functions: it creates the flow channel for smooth gas discharge, acts as a structural support element, and defines the spacing between the bare cell and housing wall. This multi-functionality reduces the need for additional separate components.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent merges the flow channel creation function with the existing housing wall structure by adding the protruding structure directly to the wall. This integration avoids the need for separate flow channel components, reducing overall device complexity.
3Object-affected harmful factors
If the protruding structure extends too far into the cavity, then flow channel space is increased for better gas discharge, but available space for the bare cell is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the protrusion distance as a critical parameter, setting it within the range of 0.5-5 mm. This parameter optimization balances the need for sufficient flow channel space with the requirement to maintain adequate room for the bare cell, achieving both gas discharge efficiency and space utilization.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The design enables smooth gas discharge during thermal runaway, minimizing the risk of explosion and maximizing space utilization within the housing.
Implementation Method 1
a flow channel for a fluid to pass through is formed between the bare cell and the first wall surface. Gas produced during thermal runaway of the battery cell can flow relatively smoothly through the flow channel
Implementation Method 2
a pressure relief structure, being mounted on a first wall surface of the housing and configured to actuate when a pressure or temperature in the accommodating cavity reaches a threshold to communicate the accommodating cavity with an external space
Data Source
AI summary
A battery cell includes a housing, a bare cell, and a pressure relief structure. The housing internally forms an accommodating cavity. The bare cell is accommodated in the accommodating cavity. The pressure relief structure is mounted on a first wall surface of the housing and configured to actuate when a pressure or temperature in the accommodating cavity reaches a threshold to communicate the accommodating cavity with an external space. The first wall surface forms a protruding structure protruding toward an interior of the accommodating cavity, and the protruding structure is configured to abut against the bare cell to form a flow channel between the bare cell and the first wall surface.