Battery Cell Venting Through a Damageable Cooling Component
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current battery technologies face challenges in ensuring safety due to the risk of explosion and thermal runaway, as existing pressure relief mechanisms often discharge high-pressure and high-temperature emissions directly, potentially causing further safety hazards and damage to adjacent components.
Innovation Solution
A battery design incorporating a pressure relief mechanism integrated with a thermal management component that can be damaged to release internal pressure and temperature, using a fluid to cool emissions and redirect them away from critical areas, thereby reducing the risk of explosion and enhancing safety.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a pressure relief mechanism is used to release internal pressure, then the safety of the battery is improved, but high-temperature emissions are discharged causing potential safety hazards and damage to adjacent components
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a thermal management component as an intermediary between the pressure relief mechanism and the external environment. This component contains a fluid that absorbs heat from the discharged emissions, cooling them before they reach adjacent components. The thermal management component acts as a mediator that transforms the harmful high-temperature emissions into safe, cooled exhaust while maintaining the pressure relief function.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent converts the harmful high-temperature emissions into a beneficial cooling opportunity. By designing the thermal management component to be damageable under pressure, the system intentionally allows the hot emissions to breach the component, using their thermal energy to heat and subsequently cool the fluid inside, thereby transforming a safety hazard into an active thermal management mechanism.
2Temperature
If the thermal management component is made damageable to release fluid for cooling, then the cooling effect is improved, but the structural integrity is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies dynamics by making the thermal management component's integrity conditional rather than static. The component is designed with specific weak points or damageable regions that remain intact under normal operating conditions but fail intentionally when exposed to high-temperature emissions from the pressure relief mechanism. This dynamic response allows the component to transition from a protective barrier to an active cooling trigger based on thermal conditions.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent prepares for the thermal runaway event in advance by pre-positioning the damageable thermal management component and its cooling fluid. The component is designed beforehand with controlled vulnerability, so that when thermal runaway occurs, the fluid is already in place to immediately absorb heat and cool the emissions, providing preemptive protection against the anticipated thermal hazard.
3Device complexity
If the pressure relief mechanism is integrated with the thermal management component, then the device complexity is reduced, but the manufacturing precision requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the pressure relief mechanism and the thermal management component into a single integrated assembly. The pressure relief mechanism is positioned to directly communicate with the damageable region of the thermal management component, eliminating the need for separate cooling systems and reducing overall system complexity. This integration allows the two functions to work together seamlessly during thermal runaway events.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies local quality by creating specific zones with different structural properties within the integrated component. The thermal management component has localized weak points or regions with reduced strength that are strategically positioned to fail only under high-temperature conditions, while other regions maintain full structural integrity. This allows precise control over where and how the component fails to initiate the cooling function.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The integration of a pressure relief mechanism with a thermal management component effectively reduces the risk of battery explosion and enhances safety by rapidly cooling emissions and isolating them from electrical components, ensuring safer operation.
Implementation Method 1
a cooling medium can flow through the volume which makes thermally conductive contact with the storage cells
Implementation Method 2
the thermal management component is configured to be capable of being damaged when the pressure relief mechanism is actuated, so that the fluid is discharged from inside of the thermal management component
Data Source
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AI summary
Embodiments of the present application provide a battery, a power consumption device, a method and a device for preparing a battery. The battery includes: a battery cell comprising a pressure relief mechanism, the pressure relief mechanism being arranged in a first wall of the battery cell and the pressure relief mechanism being configured, when an internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell reaches a threshold, to be actuated to release the internal pressure; and a thermal management component for containing a fluid to adjust the temperature of the battery cell; wherein a first surface of the thermal management component is attached to the first wall, and the thermal management component is configured to be capable of being damaged when the pressure relief mechanism is actuated, so that the fluid is discharged from inside of the thermal management component. According to the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the safety of the battery can be enhanced.