Battery Charge Control with SOC Pause-Discharge Against Lithium Plating
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Solution Overview
Problem
Lithium-ion batteries face safety risks due to lithium plating during charging, which can lead to heat generation, short circuits, and explosions, especially at higher charge rates, necessitating a method to suppress lithium plating without reducing charge speed or increasing production costs.
Innovation Solution
A battery charging method that suspends charging and discharges the battery when the state of charge (SOC) reaches a preset threshold of 70% to 80%, using SOC as the electrical parameter to accurately determine the threshold and minimize the impact on charge duration, thereby preventing lithium plating and improving safety.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Speed
If higher charge rate is used to increase charge speed, then charge speed is improved, but lithium plating risk increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements periodic action by suspending charging at specific SOC thresholds (70-80%) and performing discharge pulses. This periodic interruption of the charging process allows lithium ions to redistribute and prevents continuous accumulation that leads to plating, while maintaining high overall charge speed through resumption of charging after each discharge pulse.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies preliminary anti-action by proactively suspending charging before severe lithium plating can occur. The controller monitors SOC in real-time and initiates discharge pulses at predetermined thresholds (70-80% SOC) to counteract the plating tendency before it becomes critical, thereby preventing the harmful effect rather than correcting it after occurrence.
2Reliability
If charging is suspended to suppress lithium plating, then lithium plating risk is reduced, but charge duration increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies partial action by suspending charging only at specific SOC thresholds (70-80%) rather than continuously throughout the charging process. The discharge pulses are brief and targeted, affecting only the critical periods when plating risk is highest, while allowing charging to proceed uninterrupted during lower risk periods, thus minimizing total charge duration extension.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes parameter changes by dynamically adjusting the charging state based on SOC thresholds. The controller changes the operational state from charging to discharging at specific SOC points (70-80%), creating optimal conditions for lithium ion redistribution without permanently altering the charging process, thereby minimizing time loss.
3Ease of operation
If voltage is used as electrical parameter for threshold detection, then detection simplicity is improved, but detection accuracy decreases at voltage steady phase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements feedback by continuously monitoring SOC and using this information to control charging suspension and discharge pulse initiation. The SOC feedback mechanism provides accurate real-time information about battery state, enabling precise threshold detection and automated control decisions, thereby resolving the accuracy issue while maintaining operational simplicity through automated feedback loops.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent substitutes voltage-based detection with SOC-based detection. Instead of relying on voltage measurements that suffer from steady-phase limitations, the system uses SOC (state of charge) which provides more accurate and reliable threshold detection across all charging phases, including the voltage steady phase where voltage-based detection fails.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This method effectively suppresses lithium plating and enhances safety performance by intercalating precipitated lithium back into the positive electrode, maintaining high charge speed without prolonging charge duration or increasing costs.
Implementation Method 1
suppress lithium plating of the battery by intercalating precipitated lithium back into the positive electrode
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed are a battery charging method, a controller, a battery management system, a battery, and an electric device, aimed to suppress lithium plating of the battery. The battery charging method includes: obtaining an electrical parameter of a battery; determining whether the electrical parameter of the battery reaches a preset threshold, where a value range of the preset threshold meets the following condition: a battery state of charge (SOC) corresponding to the preset threshold is 70% to 80%; suspending, when the electrical parameter of the battery reaches the preset threshold, charging of the battery and discharging the battery for a duration of t; and continuing to charge the battery when the discharge is completed.