Battery Charging Rate Control for Low-Temperature Aging Cells
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Solution Overview
Problem
Power batteries experience a significant decline in capacity and stability in low-temperature environments, leading to lithium plating and increased risk of thermal runaway, which affects their lifespan and safety.
Innovation Solution
A charging device and method that adjust the charge rate of batteries based on cycle count and time in low-temperature conditions, reducing the charge rate in arithmetic or geometric progression to mitigate lithium plating and thermal runaway risks.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the charge rate is reduced in low-temperature environment, then the battery lifespan is prolonged and thermal runaway risk is reduced, but the charging efficiency is lowered
Solution Approach 1:
The charging device dynamically adjusts the charge rate based on real-time temperature monitoring and cycle count tracking. The charge rate is not fixed but varies according to environmental conditions, transitioning from a static parameter to a dynamic one that adapts to changing conditions, thereby resolving the contradiction between safety and charging efficiency
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes the charge rate parameter based on temperature and cycle count conditions. By monitoring temperature and cycle count, the system adjusts the charge rate parameter to appropriate levels, achieving optimal balance between battery safety and charging efficiency under different operating conditions
2Reliability
If the charge rate is reduced in low-temperature environment, then the risk of lithium plating is reduced, but the charging time is extended
Solution Approach 1:
The charging device performs preliminary monitoring of temperature and cycle count before initiating charging. By assessing conditions in advance and pre-calculating the appropriate charge rate, the system avoids lithium plating from the outset while optimizing charging time, rather than reacting after problems occur
Solution Approach 2:
The system implements continuous feedback monitoring of temperature and cycle count during charging. Based on real-time feedback, the charge rate is dynamically adjusted to prevent lithium plating while minimizing charging time extension, creating a closed-loop control system that balances safety and efficiency
3Temperature
If the charge rate is reduced in low-temperature environment, then the temperature performance is improved, but the power output is decreased
Solution Approach 1:
The charging device applies different charge rates to different charging stages based on local conditions. Rather than uniformly reducing charge rate, the system applies targeted charge rate adjustments specific to each charging phase and temperature condition, optimizing temperature performance while preserving necessary power output
Data Source
AI summary
A charging device includes: a communication unit; and a processor, configured to obtain charge-and-discharge data of a battery through the communication unit, where the charge-and-discharge data includes: the number of cycles of the battery and/or a cycling time of the battery. The processor is configured to perform the following operations: reducing a charge rate of the battery in response to a condition that the number of cycles of the battery exceeds a first threshold within a preset temperature range and/or in response to a condition that the cycling time of the battery exceeds a second threshold within a preset temperature range.