Battery Charging Control Circuit for Balanced Energy Distribution
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional battery charging methods either lead to battery imbalance and reduced lifespan due to the use of dedicated high voltage for HV battery systems or multiple low voltage chargers with poor tracking accuracy, resulting in uneven energy distribution among battery modules.
Innovation Solution
A battery charging apparatus and method that determines the type of charging power source based on its current-voltage curve, switching between series and equalizing charging modes to ensure balanced charging, using a control circuit to manage switching circuits and charging circuits to optimize energy distribution among batteries.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If dedicated high voltage (HV) is used for charging HV battery system, then charging speed is improved, but battery imbalance occurs which reduces battery lifespan
Solution Approach 1:
The battery system is segmented into multiple battery modules, each with its own charging circuit. The control circuit independently controls the charging of each module by adjusting the conduction states of switching circuits, allowing individualized charging strategies for each module to prevent imbalance while maintaining overall system charging efficiency.
2Reliability
If multiple low voltage (LV) chargers are used to charge every battery module, then battery imbalance is reduced, but tracking accuracy deteriorates and energy distribution becomes uneven
Solution Approach 1:
Multiple individual charging circuits are merged into a unified charging system controlled by a single control circuit. This integration allows the system to maintain the benefits of individual module charging while achieving coordinated control and accurate tracking of the power source characteristics through centralized management of all charging circuits.
3Adaptability or versatility
If multiple LV chargers are used in MPPT to charge each battery module, then charging flexibility is improved, but power module discrepancy causes uneven energy distribution
Solution Approach 1:
The control circuit continuously monitors the charging state of each battery module and the power source characteristics, using feedback signals to dynamically adjust the conduction states of switching circuits. This feedback mechanism ensures that energy is distributed uniformly across all modules by compensating for power module discrepancies while maintaining charging flexibility.
Data Source
AI summary
A battery charging apparatus includes a charging power source, a plurality of charging circuits, a plurality of batteries, a plurality of switching circuits and a control circuit. The control circuit is configured to determine the type of charging power source based on a current-voltage curve of the charging power source, and to control conduction states of the switching circuits to connect the charging circuits and the batteries in series in a series charging mode and to connect the charging circuits and the batteries in parallel in an equalizing charging mode. A battery charging method of the battery charging apparatus is also introduced.