Battery Charging Device MPPT Pulse Control Stand-Alone Generator
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional battery-charging methods for stand-alone generator systems, such as those using wind or solar energy, face inefficiencies and potential damage due to improper charging techniques, particularly when power generation exceeds battery charging capacity, leading to underutilization of generated power and risk of battery damage.
Innovation Solution
A battery-charging device with a DC/DC converter and control circuit that switches between four operation modes: MPPT, pulse charging, constant voltage, and combinations thereof, to optimize power utilization and prevent overcharging, by controlling the charging method based on output power and battery state.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If rapid charging is implemented to increase power utilization, then charging speed improves, but battery damage risk increases and battery life shortens
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamic charging mode switching between MPPT, constant current, constant voltage, and pulse charging modes based on real-time battery state (voltage, current, temperature) and power generation conditions. This dynamic adaptation allows the system to optimize charging speed while preventing battery damage through appropriate mode selection.
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes charging parameters (current, voltage, power) based on battery state and generation conditions. By adjusting these parameters dynamically and switching between different charging methods, the system achieves rapid charging when safe and prevents battery damage when conditions require more conservative charging.
2Use of energy by moving object
If MPPT function is continuously activated to maximize power generation utilization, then energy utilization improves, but battery damage occurs when power exceeds battery charging capacity
Solution Approach 1:
The system continuously monitors battery voltage, current, and temperature, and compares generated power with battery charging capacity. Based on this feedback, it dynamically switches between MPPT mode (when power matches battery capacity) and other modes (when power exceeds capacity), preventing battery damage while maximizing energy utilization.
Solution Approach 2:
The charging control dynamically adapts to changing conditions by switching between MPPT, constant current, constant voltage, and pulse charging modes. This dynamic response allows the system to utilize maximum power when appropriate and protect the battery when power exceeds charging capacity.
3Reliability
If constant voltage charging method is used to prevent overcharge, then battery safety improves, but charging time increases due to slower charging rate
Solution Approach 1:
The charging process is segmented into multiple stages with different charging methods. The system uses constant current charging or pulse charging in early stages when battery voltage is low (faster charging), then transitions to constant voltage charging in later stages when battery voltage is high (safety). This segmentation reduces overall charging time while maintaining safety.
Solution Approach 2:
The system employs periodic pulse charging methods that alternate between charging and resting periods. This periodic action allows for faster average charging rates compared to continuous constant voltage charging, while still preventing overcharge through controlled pulse duration and duty cycle.
4Productivity
If constant current charging method is used to reduce charging time, then charging speed improves, but overcharge occurs when battery voltage is high
Solution Approach 1:
The system dynamically switches from constant current charging to constant voltage charging when battery voltage reaches a predetermined threshold. This dynamic transition maintains high charging speed during early stages when current charging is safe, then prevents overcharge in later stages when voltage becomes high.
Solution Approach 2:
The charging control continuously monitors battery voltage and compares it with predetermined thresholds. When voltage exceeds the threshold during constant current charging, the system receives feedback and switches to constant voltage charging mode, preventing overcharge while maintaining efficient charging throughout the process.
Data Source
AI summary
A battery-charging device, having a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) function, for a stand-alone generator system includes a DC/DC power converter and a control circuit used to control the DC/DC power converter. The method applied in the device includes: performing a MPPT function to supply a continuous current when the electric power generated from the electrical power source of the stand-alone generator system is low; operating a pulse charging function and continuing the MPPT function when the electric power generated from the electrical power source of the stand-alone generator system is high and not greater than the summation of the load power and a maximum charging power of the pulse charging method for the battery; terminating the MPPT function while the electric power is greater than the summation of the load power and the maximum charging power of the pulse charging method for the battery; and operating a constant-voltage charging mode when the battery voltage is greater than a predetermined constant charging voltage.