EV Battery Fast Charging Control for Polarization-Limited Full Charge
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Solution Overview
Problem
Rapid charging of batteries often results in charging polarization, leading to premature cessation of charging before the battery is fully charged due to the apparent voltage being higher than the actual voltage, causing incomplete charging.
Innovation Solution
A charging system that incorporates both constant current and constant voltage charging control, where constant voltage charging is executed multiple times after reaching a predetermined target voltage, with the charging current gradually reduced, to ensure full battery charge while minimizing polarization.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of time
If rapid charging is performed using a rapid charger, then charging time is reduced, but charging polarization occurs causing the battery to be stopped before full charge
Solution Approach 1:
The charging process is divided into multiple constant voltage charging phases executed in sequence. Each phase charges the battery to a predetermined target voltage, then pauses before initiating the next phase. This segmentation allows polarization to subside between phases, enabling the battery to reach full charge capacity that would otherwise be missed in continuous rapid charging.
Solution Approach 2:
The charging system implements periodic constant voltage charging cycles with intermittent pauses. After each constant voltage charging phase reaches the target voltage, the system pauses for a predetermined period before starting the next charging phase. This periodic action with built-in intervals effectively manages polarization effects while maintaining rapid charging benefits.
2Reliability
If constant voltage charging is executed multiple times, then full battery charge is achieved, but charging control complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The charging control section continuously monitors battery voltage during constant voltage charging phases. When the predetermined target voltage is detected, the system automatically pauses charging. After the pause period, voltage monitoring continues to determine when to resume charging in the next phase. This feedback mechanism automates the multi-phase charging process, managing complexity through intelligent control rather than manual intervention.
Data Source
AI summary
A charging system is a charging system for supplying power to a battery for driving an electric vehicle from a rapid charger installed outside the electric vehicle, the system including: a constant current charging control section that executes constant current charging control that supplies power from the rapid charger to the battery based on a constant charging current value; and a constant voltage charging control section that, in a case where a voltage value of the battery reaches a predetermined target voltage value and the constant current charging control is stopped, executes constant voltage charging control that supplies power from the rapid charger to the battery two or more times based on a constant charging voltage value.