Battery Charging Circuit Control for PPS Overvoltage Prevention
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Solution Overview
Problem
In electronic devices, the direct charging mode lacks the ability to control battery voltage and current, leading to overvoltage issues when transitioning from constant current to constant voltage charging, as the charging circuit cannot adjust voltage and current rapidly enough, resulting in battery voltage exceeding the maximum allowed charging voltage.
Innovation Solution
The electronic device incorporates a charging circuit with adjustable switches that control gate voltage and duty ratio based on input current and battery voltage/current to prevent overvoltage by adjusting resistance and duty cycle, ensuring the battery voltage remains within safe limits.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Area of stationary object
If the charging circuit operates in direct charging mode with fixed switching frequency and duty ratio, then the installation area and cost are reduced, but the battery voltage exceeds the maximum allowed charging voltage during charging period transitions
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies dynamics by making the switching frequency and duty ratio of the charging circuit adjustable rather than fixed. The control circuit dynamically changes these parameters based on real-time monitoring of battery voltage and current, allowing the charging circuit to adapt its operation to prevent overvoltage conditions while maintaining direct charging mode operation.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements feedback by having the control circuit continuously monitor battery voltage and current during charging operations. When the battery voltage approaches or exceeds the maximum allowed charging voltage, the control circuit receives feedback and automatically adjusts the switching frequency and duty ratio to reduce the input current, thereby preventing overvoltage conditions.
2Device complexity
If the charging circuit uses fixed switching frequency and duty ratio, then the device complexity is reduced, but the voltage and current control capability is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies self-service by enabling the charging circuit to automatically regulate its own operation. The control circuit monitors battery parameters and autonomously adjusts switching frequency and duty ratio without requiring external intervention, allowing the system to self-correct overvoltage conditions while maintaining operational simplicity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes operational parameters (switching frequency and duty ratio) dynamically based on battery charging state. By adjusting these parameters in response to battery voltage and current levels, the system maintains reliable voltage control without requiring a fundamentally more complex circuit architecture.
3Ease of operation
If the charging circuit does not control input current, then the ease of operation is improved, but the current flowing in the load changes rapidly causing voltage spikes
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements feedback control where the control circuit monitors battery voltage and input current continuously. When rapid current changes or voltage spikes are detected during charging period transitions, the control circuit automatically adjusts the duty ratio and switching frequency to stabilize the battery voltage, maintaining simplicity while ensuring stability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies preliminary action by having the control circuit anticipate and prevent voltage instability before it occurs. By monitoring charging state and proactively adjusting switching parameters during transitions between constant current and constant voltage modes, the system prevents voltage spikes rather than reacting to them after they occur.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution effectively prevents and reduces overvoltage conditions by dynamically controlling the charging circuit's resistance and duty ratio, maintaining the battery voltage within the maximum allowed charging voltage, thus protecting the battery.
Implementation Method 1
convert a voltage of the received power based on a specified voltage conversion ratio using the plurality of switches
Implementation Method 2
control a gate voltage of at least one specified switch of the plurality of switches, based on a voltage of the battery being higher than a maximum allowed charging voltage or a current of the battery being higher than a maximum allowed charging current
Data Source
AI summary
An electronic device according to an embodiment may include: a battery, load, charging circuitry, and control circuitry. The charging circuitry may include a plurality of switches and be configured to, in a PPS mode, receive power adjusted in each specified charging period according to a charge amount of the battery from an external electronic device, convert a voltage of the received power based on a specified voltage conversion ratio using the plurality of switches, and supply the voltage-converted power to the battery and the load. The control circuitry may be configured to: control a gate voltage of at least one specified switch of the plurality of switches, based on a voltage of the battery being higher than a maximum allowed charging voltage or a current of the battery being higher than a maximum allowed charging current during the PPS mode.