Battery Charging Apparatus Reverse Connection Protection
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional battery charging apparatuses either fail to prevent reverse voltage application to electronic devices when a battery is reversely connected, or require additional diodes that increase manufacturing costs to achieve this protection.
Innovation Solution
A battery charging apparatus with a detecting circuit that identifies reverse battery connections and forcibly turns on switch elements to create a current path through a fuse, preventing reverse voltage application without the need for additional diodes.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If an open-circuit regulator/rectifier with thyristors is used, then the device complexity is reduced, but the reliability of preventing reverse voltage application deteriorates when the generator does not output current
Solution Approach 1:
The detecting circuit continuously monitors the generator's output state in advance. When no current is detected, it proactively activates the fuse by controlling the switch element, preparing the protective path before a reverse connection can occur. This preliminary action ensures reliability without adding complex circuitry.
Solution Approach 2:
The detecting circuit acts as an intermediary between the generator and the fuse. It monitors the generator's state and mediates the activation of the fuse by controlling the switch element, enabling the simple open-circuit regulator structure to achieve reliable reverse voltage prevention through intelligent control.
2Reliability
If an additional diode is added to prevent reverse voltage application, then the reliability of reverse voltage prevention is improved, but the manufacturing cost increases
Solution Approach 1:
The switch element, already present in the open-circuit regulator for normal operation, is given a dual function: it controls current during normal charging and activates the fuse during reverse connections. This multi-functionality eliminates the need for additional protective components, reducing manufacturing costs while maintaining reliability.
Solution Approach 2:
The system uses its own existing components (switch element and fuse) to provide reverse voltage protection. The detecting circuit monitors the system state and triggers the switch element to activate the fuse, enabling the system to protect itself without requiring external additional components.
3Reliability
If a short-circuit regulator/rectifier with four diodes is used, then the reliability of reverse voltage prevention is improved, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The invention extracts the reverse voltage prevention function from the physical diode structure and relocates it to the control logic of the detecting circuit and switch element. This separation allows the use of a simpler open-circuit regulator structure while maintaining the protective function through intelligent control rather than hardware redundancy.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Effectively prevents reverse voltage application to electronic devices by ensuring a current flows through a fuse when the battery is reversely connected, reducing manufacturing costs by eliminating the need for additional diodes.
Implementation Method 1
a rectifying circuit that has a first switch element connected to the first battery terminal at a first end thereof and to the first generator terminal at a second end thereof, a second switch element connected to the first battery terminal at a first end thereof and to the second generator terminal at a second end thereof, a first rectifying element connected to the first generator terminal at a first end thereof and to the second battery terminal at a second end thereof, and a second rectifying element connected to the second generator terminal at a first end thereof and to the second battery terminal at a second end thereof, rectifies an output current of the alternating-current generator
Data Source
AI summary
A battery charging apparatus that controls charging of a battery by an alternating-current generator, the battery charging apparatus has a first switch element connected to a first battery terminal to which a positive electrode side of the battery is connected in a normal connection of the battery at a first end thereof and to a first generator terminal to which a first output of the alternating-current generator is connected at a second end thereof, and a second switch element connected to the first battery terminal at a first end thereof and to a second generator terminal to which a second output of the alternating-current generator is connected at a second end thereof. In a case when a controlling circuit stops controlling the first switch element and the second switch element, and the first switch element and the second switch element are turned off, a detecting circuit, which detects a reverse connection condition of the battery, forcedly turns on at least one of the first switch element and the second switch element when the detecting circuit detects the reverse connection condition of the battery.