Battery Charging Control via Dynamic Voltage and Current Adjustment
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Solution Overview
Problem
Portable device batteries, such as lithium-ion batteries, experience reduced full charge capacity and efficiency over time due to conventional charging schemes that do not account for the actual design capacity, leading to lower usage efficiency.
Innovation Solution
The charging of a battery is dynamically controlled by determining its actual full charge capacity and design capacity, with adjustments made to the charge voltage and cut-off current to maintain or increase the full charge capacity, including incremental adjustments to either the voltage or current based on a combination of preset states.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If a preset charging scheme is applied regardless of battery design capacity, then the charging process is simple and fast, but the full charge capacity deteriorates over time and usage efficiency decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The charging scheme transitions from a static preset approach to a dynamic adaptive approach. The controller continuously monitors actual full charge capacity and adjusts charging parameters (charge voltage and cut-off current) in real-time based on the battery's current state, allowing the system to maintain optimal charging conditions throughout the battery's lifespan
Solution Approach 2:
The invention changes the charging parameters (charge voltage and cut-off current) based on the battery's actual full charge capacity relative to its design capacity. When actual capacity falls below design capacity, the system adjusts these parameters to compensate and restore full charge capacity, thereby resolving the contradiction between fast charging and capacity maintenance
2Productivity
If the charge voltage is increased to maintain full charge capacity, then the charging efficiency improves, but the risk of overcharging and battery damage increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system implements a feedback mechanism where the controller continuously monitors the battery's actual full charge capacity and compares it with the design capacity. Based on this feedback, the controller dynamically adjusts the charge voltage and cut-off current, increasing voltage only when necessary to maintain capacity while preventing overcharging through continuous monitoring
Solution Approach 2:
The charge voltage is not fixed but dynamically adjusted based on the battery's state. The system increments charge voltage only when actual full charge capacity is below design capacity, and maintains appropriate voltage levels to avoid overcharging, thereby balancing charging efficiency with safety
3Duration of action of stationary object
If the cut-off current is lowered to maintain full charge capacity, then the battery lifespan extends, but the charging time increases
Solution Approach 1:
The cut-off current is dynamically adjusted based on the battery's actual full charge capacity. The system lowers cut-off current incrementally only when needed to maintain or increase full charge capacity, rather than maintaining a consistently low current, thereby extending lifespan without excessively increasing charging time
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes the cut-off current parameter adaptively based on battery state. By adjusting cut-off current in response to actual full charge capacity measurements, the system optimizes the balance between extending battery lifespan and maintaining reasonable charging time
Data Source
AI summary
A charging operation for a battery includes determining an actual full charge capacity of the battery and a design capacity of the battery. The actual full charge capacity of the battery is compared with the design capacity of the battery. One or more of a charge voltage and a cut-off current, such as with an embedded controller, is adjusted if the actual full charge capacity is less than the design capacity. The battery is controlled by charging the battery with one or more of an adjusted cut-off current and/or an adjusted charge voltage.