Battery Equivalent Circuit Modeling for Short-Circuit Current Prediction
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current battery systems face challenges in predicting short-circuit currents accurately, leading to high costs and risks due to the inability to determine battery voltage and fuse status effectively, which complicates the design of battery protection systems.
Innovation Solution
A short-circuit current prediction apparatus and method that derive an internal equivalent circuit of the battery, consider electrical characteristics of both the battery and fuse, and use these to develop a prediction model for short-circuit currents based on battery voltage, incorporating mechanical and chemical characteristics.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If experiments are conducted to measure maximum short-circuit current, then reliable data for battery protection system design is obtained, but high cost and high risk are incurred
Solution Approach 1:
The patent derives equivalent circuits and formulates prediction models in advance, incorporating battery electrical characteristics and fuse characteristics before actual short-circuit events occur. This preliminary theoretical preparation enables accurate prediction without requiring expensive and risky experimental measurements for each design iteration.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces physical experimental measurement systems with a theoretical calculation system based on equivalent circuits and mathematical models. By substituting physical experiments with computational methods, the system achieves the same predictive reliability without the associated costs and risks.
2Device complexity
If conventional prediction methods are used without considering battery electrical characteristics, then prediction process is simplified, but accurate prediction of short-circuit current blocked by fuse is impossible
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the prediction system into distinct equivalent circuit components: battery equivalent circuit, fuse equivalent circuit, and load equivalent circuit. Each segment is formulated separately with its own electrical characteristics, allowing manageable complexity while achieving comprehensive and accurate prediction through their combination.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent incorporates variable electrical parameters including battery voltage, internal resistance, fuse resistance, and capacitance values into the prediction model. By dynamically considering these parameter changes based on actual battery and fuse characteristics, the model achieves high prediction accuracy without excessive complexity.
Data Source
AI summary
A short-circuit current prediction method includes deriving an internal equivalent circuit of a battery that reflects a short circuit condition in a direct current (DC) circuit, derive a first equivalent circuit in consideration of electrical characteristics of the battery, deriving a second equivalent circuit in consideration of electrical characteristics of a fuse, obtain a short-circuit current prediction model by reflecting the first equivalent circuit and the second equivalent circuit based on the internal equivalent circuit, and predict the short-circuit current according to a battery voltage using the short-circuit current prediction model. Thus, high-precision short-circuit current prediction is possible in units of battery modules, racks, and systems.