Battery Control Circuit for Low-Temperature Self-Heating
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Solution Overview
Problem
Lithium-ion batteries face inefficiencies in low-temperature environments due to increased internal resistance and risk of lithium dissipation, requiring external heating methods that are not effective.
Innovation Solution
A battery control circuit connected in parallel between the positive and negative electrodes of the battery pack, utilizing semiconductor switching devices and inductors to generate Joule heat internally during charging and discharging, thereby heating the battery efficiently without external assistance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Temperature
If an external heater or heating box is disposed around the battery to raise ambient temperature, then the battery can be heated in low-temperature environment, but heating efficiency is too low
Solution Approach 1:
The battery control circuit enables the battery to heat itself by utilizing its own internal resistance and stored energy. The circuit controls the battery to operate in a state where internal current flow generates Joule heat, eliminating the need for external heating devices and significantly improving heating efficiency.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention converts the harmful effect of internal resistance (which causes energy loss during normal operation) into a beneficial heating effect. By controlling the battery to operate in a specific mode, the internal resistance generates Joule heat that raises the battery temperature, turning what was previously a source of energy waste into an effective heating mechanism.
2Temperature
If conventional external heating methods are used, then the battery temperature can be raised, but the structure becomes more complex and costs increase
Solution Approach 1:
The battery system performs its own heating function through the control circuit that manages its internal energy and resistance characteristics. This eliminates the need for separate external heating devices, reducing structural complexity and cost while maintaining the ability to raise battery temperature in low-temperature environments.
3Adaptability or versatility
If the battery operates in low-temperature environment, then the battery can work in various conditions, but internal resistance increases and capacity rapidly decays
Solution Approach 1:
The control circuit detects low-temperature conditions and initiates heating operations before the battery is put into normal use. By pre-heating the battery to an appropriate temperature range, the system ensures that the battery operates reliably with stable capacity when actual work begins, preventing the performance degradation that would occur in cold conditions.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution enhances heating efficiency, reduces the risk of short circuits, and ensures reliable operation by using internal energy for heating, improving energy utilization and safety.
Implementation Method 1
Currents of charging and discharging both generate Joule heat on an internal resistance of the battery pack to heat the battery
Data Source
Figure 1~2
Figure 3~4A
Figure 4B~5
AI summary
This application provides a battery control circuit, a battery (10), and a related electronic device. The battery control circuit is connected in parallel between a positive electrode and a negative electrode of a battery pack (101). The battery control circuit includes a first inductor (L1), a first switch (S1), a second switch (S2), a first diode (D1), and a second diode (D2). A first terminal of the first switch and a cathode of the first diode are both coupled to the positive electrode of the battery pack, and a second terminal of the first switch is coupled to a terminal of the first inductor and a cathode of the second diode. An anode of the first diode is coupled to another terminal of the first inductor and a first terminal of the second switch, and a second terminal of the second switch and an anode of the second diode are both coupled to the negative electrode of the battery pack. The first switch and the second switch are simultaneously turned on or turned off. During implementation of this application, charging and discharging may be implemented by using energy of the battery pack. Currents of charging and discharging both generate Joule heat on an internal resistance of the battery pack to heat the battery. Therefore, heating efficiency is high.